314 



OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 175. 



L. The wild 

 to be scattered 



LILY FAMILY, LILIACE^E. 



59 Day=lily (P) *Hemerocallis fulva L. The common, orange-colored, 

 day-lily often escapes from cultivation, especially about old house-sites and on 

 roadsides. The roots are very tenacious and only stringent measures will 

 destroy them. Hoe cutting- and salting, as recommended for Canada thistle, 

 should prove efficient here. The plant does not deserve a place in culture. It 

 spreads generally from the root. 



60 Wild Onion, Wild Garlic (A and B) * Allium vine ale 

 onion, Fig. 15; is a bulbous plant and for that reason liable 

 widely. It grows from 1 to 3 ft. high and the floral umbel is 

 often densely bulb-bearing, like the old garden onion, a 

 feature not shown in the cut. A bulblet is figured at a. These 

 bulbs or bulblets must be destroyed if wild onion is eradicated. 

 If cows eat of this vile weed, the milk and butter are ruined. 

 When the bulblets get into the wheat, as may often happen, 

 the flour is likewise spoiled. This weed has been introduced 

 from Europe -and is established at several Ohio stations. 

 While always bad it seems to flourish rather better on sandy 

 or loamy soils. It seems to be planted occasionally and 

 thence escapes, and also to be sown in wheat at times, espec- 

 ially in the south. 



A case of the latter sort occurred in this county. Scattered 

 plants may be taken out and destroyed, but in badly infested 

 lands it will be necessary to cultivate thoroughly in some 

 hoed crop for at least two seasons. I have never seen it 

 produce true seeds, but the bulblets, Fig. IS, a, possess great 

 vitality. These may be removed from grain by drying 

 thoroughly as proposed by Duvel. 



61 Meadow Garlic (A and B) Allium Canadense L. 

 The meadow garlic just named, as well as the wild leak, 

 Allium tricoc-cum, both closely allied to the preceding, are 

 sometimes found in borders and in meadows. These species 



Seem to multiply more rapidly than the wild garlic and yet may prove pestifer- 

 ous. Recognized by their bulbous character, and by their blossoms, resembling 

 those of the onion. If necessary either may be removed in a manner like the 

 preceding. 



62 Star of Bethlehem (B) *Otnitkogalum umbellatum L. This is a common 

 bulbous plant cultivated for ornament, which frequently escapes to the field. The 

 scape, or stalk, is a foot high, or less, with narrow leaves and umbel-like 

 clusters of greenish flowers with white margins. As a rule, even where escaped, 

 the Star of Bethlehem is not objectionable. Should it prove so in any case the 

 bulbs may be removed and the plant thereby evicted. 



63 Adam's Needle (P) * Yucca filamentosa L. This plant, while a favorite 

 in cultivation, is capable of spreading greatly if permitted to ripen seed. The 

 tall scapes (flower-stalks) with many creamy flowers are handsome, but if the 

 plant is grown, it should not be permitted to produce seed. Once scattered, 

 only laborious hand digging or cultivation will destroy the large-rooted seedlings. 



64 Asparagus (P) * Asparagus officinalis L. The wild asparagus does 

 not differ essentially from the cultivated sort. This illustrates the danger of 

 permitting plants escaped from cultivation to grow anywhere. The asparagus 

 beetle, Crioceris asparagi has first been found by the Station Entomologist in 

 any given locality, on these isolated plants; thence it has spread to gardens. 

 The asparagus rust, Puccinia Asparagi DC, a most destructive disease of this 

 plant, has already appeared in Ohio, and while it is more likely to be intro- 

 duced in cultivated areas, the rust will certainly be harbored by any escaped 

 plants. Persistent culture with hoe and, perhaps, the addition of salt, w 

 destroy the strays. 



Fig. 15. Wild 

 Onion. 



