306 OHIO EXPERIMENT_STATION: BULLETIN 175. 



Seeds straw color, oat-like, 1-8 inch long, with 3-8 to 1-2 inch awn at tip; tufts 

 and plume of fine hair at base. The seeds are supported by the plumes of attached 

 hairs and thus they are widely scattered by the wind. 



In destroying- broom-sedge we must deal with both the seeds, which mature 

 as early as September and perhaps earlier, and with the dense matted roots as 

 well. The seeds may be destroyed by burning- the land over, the roots by tilling 

 the ground. Indeed there are localities in which permanency in valuable grasses 

 is rendered difficult by broom-sedge. Short rotations with clover are not in general 

 use in these lands, and may prove a most valuable means of subduing the pest. 



16 Little Blue=stem, Andropogon scoparius Michx., another grass like 

 above, occurs locally in dry soil. It is much less prevalent than the one figured 

 and it may be dealt with in the same manner. 



17 Field Paspalum (P) Paspalum lacve Michx. Much resembles crab-grass 

 in respect to the finger-like, though much broader, spikes. In paspalum, however, 

 the spikes are alternately arranged on the culm, are 2 to 6 in number and the seeds 

 are borne in two wide, smooth rows. The plant is scarcely weedy with us» 

 although occasionally received as such. 



Seeds approaching circular in outline, smooth, flat on one side and swollen on 

 the other, 1-10 inch long. 



18 Barnyard=Grass, Cocksfoot (A) *Echinochloa Crus-galli (L.) Beauv. 

 This is a smooth-stemmed, leafy, coarse-growing grass, 1 to 4 ft. high. Its one- 

 sided spikelets and awned glumes have suggested the name of cocksfoot. It is 

 abundant around barnyards and upon enriched cultivated lands. It is also com- 

 mon in low bottom lands following a crop that has been "laid by" early. This 

 grass, because of its rapid growth late in summer, has been recommended to 

 grow for forage like millet. It will certainly make fair yields treated in this 

 way and proved usefulness may remove it from the weed list. 



Seeds, straw-color to brown, flat on one side rounded on the other, 1-8 inch 

 long, three-fifths as broad with short awn tip, very smooth and shining. Fre- 

 quent in clover, alfalfa and millet seeds. 



This and the next succeeding grasses are late growths in "laid by" crops, 

 also in many other places. To destroy them the prevention of seed ripening is 

 all essential. 



19 01d= witch Grass (A) Panicum capillare L. This weedy panic-grass is 

 found over the state, preferring dry soils. The spreading "tickle," plume-like 

 tops (panicles) break off in the fall and are blown into fence-rows. 



The seeds are straw-color, very small, 1-16 in. long, one-third as wide, 

 smooth and shining. They occur frequently in clover and other seeds. Old- 

 witch grass is an annual and must be prevented from maturing seeds by cutting 

 and removal or burning, if it is gotten rid of. 



20 Millet (A) * Panicum miliaceum L. This well-known plant with its 

 shining seeds is one of the panic grasses, and comes to us frequently in the form 

 of seed impurities in grains and in the seeds of clover plants. Seeds, oval, 

 about 1-10 inch long, smooth and shining, somewhat rarely hulled. It is men- 

 tioned here by reason of the frequent occurrence of the seeds in samples presented 

 for examination. 



21 Sprouting Crab=grass (A) Panicum proliferum Lam. The sprouting 

 crab-grass is very much branched. The anthers are a characteristic saffron 

 yellow. The spreading growth contrasts with the others. It springs up 

 along stream borders, sidewalks and in grassy yards, often with crab-grass. 

 It is a decided weed, to be dealt with as th^ nc: t. 



