A SECOND OHIO WEED MANUAL. 



;o5 



PONDWEED FAMILY, NAIADACE^E. 



10 Floating Pondweed (P) Potamogcton natans L. This species and others 

 di the genus occur in canals and reservoirs. When growing- abundantly in 

 canals such plants are an obstruction to navigation. 



WATER-PLANTAIN FAMILY, ALISMACE^. 



11 Common Water=plantain (P) Alisma plantago-aquatica'L,. The water- 

 plantain occurs about the borders of watering ponds or in depressed grass areas 

 covered with water a portion of the year. 



12 Arrowhead (P) Sagittaria latif o/ia Willd. This common arrowhead, and 

 at times some others not readily separated from it, are found in wet places or in 

 water. They are chiefly objectionable because of the harbors afforded by them. 

 Muskrats live to a considerable extent upon the roots of these and other aquatic 

 plants. The reduction of wet areas to the smallest amount will be a profitable 

 preventive. 



GRASS FAMILY, GRAMINE^E. 



13 Johnson=grass (P) Sorghum Halepense (L.) Pers. Among the forage 

 plants which are capable of doing much harm, we must include Jonhson-grass. 

 It has strong, creeping root-stocks and like quack-grass will spread by means 

 of them. Unless one is ready to give the land up to this grass, the seeding of 

 it should not be undertaken. The seeds do not as yet appear to have become 

 intermixed with other grasses at the north. Spillman 1 has worked out methods 

 of eradication by cultivation. 



14 Big BIue=stem (P) Andropogon furcatus Muhl. This is a tall, finger- 

 spiked, beard-grass distributed in dry or sterile soil over central and northern 

 Ohio; it grows 3 to 4 ft. high. In the early season it makes a dense, tufted 

 growth, when it is readily eaten by stock. After blossoming the stems are hard 

 and woody. It is apparently not to be feared as an intruder. 



15 Broom=sedge (P) Andropogon Virginicus D. Broom-sedge, Fig. 4, is a 

 weedy grass that has moved to the northward. Native and abundant in the 

 south, and apparently in the southern counties, it has latterly spread over much 

 of Ohio not originally infested by it. It grows in dense tufts, 3 to 5 feet high, its 



early light green and later brown color be- 

 ing in contrast with the other grasses. In 

 the fall its plumed hairs are conspicuous. It 

 is limited in weedy development to the drj r , 

 sandy soils of the state. In this respect it is 

 like sorrel, but, unlike the latter, it does not 

 seem to be controlled by enriching the soil. 

 The sandy up lands of the coal measure dis- 

 tricts appear to be the worst infested with 

 broom-sedge. That part of the state lying 

 east of a line drawn from Cleveland to the 

 mouth of the Scioto river, marks the district 

 in a £, meral way, but the weed has not yet 

 r ached the northern counties of this section. 

 3andy soils predominate in a wide belt just 

 west of the line named, especially where the 

 native rocks are not covered by the drift. 

 And in this belt, likewise, as well as in the 

 district just named and in other sandy soils, 

 the broom-sedge may ultimately appear. A 

 warning is here given to grub out the first 

 bunches. I very well remember the first 

 appearance of broom-sedge in northeastern 

 Athens county in the early seventies. It has now invaded much of that county, 

 while in Meigs, Jackson, Vinton and Lawrence counties it is a veritable pes^ 

 iBulletin Bureau Plant Industry, 72: 15-22: 1905. 



Fig. 4. Broom-sedge. 



