304 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 175. 



I PTERIDOPHYTES. 



Plants reproduced from spores by means of a prolhallus. 



FERN FAMILY. 



1 Brake Fern (P) Pteris aguilina L. The brake or eagle fern often infests 

 partly tamed, sandy soils and chokes out grasses. Its tall, 2 to 5 ft. fronds 

 (leaves) are much parted, while the young- sprouts are coiled like a shepherd's 

 crook. The sprouts are used as pot-herbs. Clearing up, plowing and manur- 

 ing the land will make it possible to seed to grass. 



2 Sensitive Fern (P) Onoclea sensibilis L. The leaf-like (sterile) and fruit- 

 like (fertile) fronds of this fern appear together in moist meadows and on the 

 borders of thickets. It is dealt with by drainage and tillage. 



3 Cinnamon Fern (P) Osmunda cinnamomea ~L>. This fern is often found in 

 swampy places and near springs and brooklets. Its fronds are very tall, 3 to 5 

 ft. high, and have the stalks covered with rusty wool. It may be destroyed by 

 draining the soil and grubbing out the rootstocks. 



4 Flowering Fern (P) Osmunda Claytoniana L. Much like the last but dif- 

 fering in having an open interval about the middle of the frond; to be dealt with 

 in the same manner. 



HORSETAIL FAMILY, EOTJISETACE^E. 



5 Horsetail (P) Equisetum arvense L. The common horsetail is met with 

 upon moist road embankments and in wet grass lands. In the early season 

 many small, pale, arrow-like stalks with yellowish heads make their appear- 

 ance; these are followed by feathery, tail-like, leafy, green shoots. These 

 plants are merely symptomatic and indicate lack of drainage. The lack sup- 

 plied, cultivation will dispose of the horsetail. 



II SPERMATOPHYTES. 



Plants reproduced from seeds. 



1 GYMNOSPERMiE 



Ovules naked. 



PINE FAMILY, PINACE^E. 



6 Pines, Pinus spp. Pines are as yet rarely spreading within our bor- 

 ders, as is so well marked in other states. That such may become much more 

 general is to be expected. Many causes may make such spread rapid and 

 aggressive. 



7 Hemlock, Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr. Hemlock is known to the writer 

 to be freely spreading on certain light soils in Wayne county. With both pines 

 and hemlock, grubbing will effect removal. 



2 ANG10SPERM.E 



Seeds enclosed. 



1 MONOCOTYLEDONES. 



Plants with but one seed-leaf {cotyledon) and haves parallel-veined. 



CATTAIL FAMILY, TYPHACE.E. 



8 Cattail (P) Typha latifolia L. The cattail is a frequent obstruction in 

 ditches and moist places. 



BURREED FAMILY, SPARGANIACE^E. 



9 Burreed (P) Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. Like the cattail the burreed 

 is frequent in wet places and may be much in the way. Such aquatic plants 

 are subjugated when the excess of water is removed by drainage. 



