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seeded with other trees and the surrounding cedar is in fruit, 

 it may come up in cedar. * * * The cedar is usually 

 a prolific seed-bearer. Its small, winged seeds are dis- 

 seminated by the wind. It fruits when very young. It is not 

 uncommon to find a White Cedar, three feet high, in fruit. 

 When a swamp bottom is burnt, it often comes up in White 

 Cedar as even and dense as a field of wheat, while a swamp, 

 which has been cut and not burnt over, produces a great va- 

 riety of swamp trees. Although a common observation, this 

 is more or less of accidental occurrence. A swamp bottom is 

 usually well seeded with a variety of trees and shrubs, the 

 seeds of which have been carried there in a variety of ways. 

 A fire destroys these seeds and forms a soil on the surface of 

 the muck. If this occurs when the cedar is in fruit, its light 

 seeds are sown by the wind and cedar soon appears. There 

 are thousands of acres of land in South Jersey where the 

 cedar will grow with little care, but owing to brush and other 

 less valuable trees it is unable to establish itself. There is a 

 small but thrifty swamp in Atlantic county which originated 

 in this way. Three cedars were planted in a meadow. Other 

 trees were not allowed to grow. Soon the ground was seeded 

 and a mass of young cedar appeared. The trees are now fit 

 for timber, and the three originals may plainly be seen above 

 the rest of the swamp. After the stopping of fires the re- 

 generation of white cedars deserves attention.' 7 (Geol. Ept., 

 '94, Gifford, 259.) 



"White Cedar, one of the most valuable timber trees of 

 Eastern North America, grows rapidly, abundantly and with 

 magnificent reproduction in the frequent swamps of this 

 region. At present, so great is the haste to harvest what may so 

 easily be burnt, the 'White Cedar is usually cut in very early 

 youth. At the only saw-mill I visited none of the 'logs' on the 

 skids were over twelve inches in diameter ; the majority were 

 not over eight inches and very many were less than four 

 inches in diameter at the large end ; a few were not over three. 

 Yet these 'logs' had been cut at the surface of the ground, and 

 the measures given include the root-swelling in every case." 

 (Geol. Ept., '95, Pinchot, 187.) 



"White Cedar grows in very dense stands and has in con- 

 sequence a short, narrow crown and a long, clear, straight 



