184 NATURAL HISTORY MISCELLANY. 
alba. as Michaux says; Q. (Q. tinctoria Bartr.), Q. nig 
digitata, Q. nigra trifida, Q. anis i (aeprifolia, the two latter certainly "d 
iug under Q. nigra L. var. fj» Q. nigra pumila— Q. ilicifolia Wg., Q. rubra ; 
ra issi Q. palustris Du Roi; Q. rubra montana=Q. falcata 
Michx. ; Q. rubra nana=Q. Catesbæi BMiohx.; ; Q. Phellos mper: sap 
la tifolía— Q. Phellos L. (silvatica Michx.); Q. Phellos 
virens Ait.; Q. Prinus—Q. Prinus monticola Michx. ; ; Q. Prinus hutnitio= 
Q Prinus "od Michx 
Wangenheim in his PSR on the ** SET iene BAN ten," 1787, pro- 
posed-some new species, of which three are ack ledged to-day: Q. 
stellata (the Q. alba minor of Marshall), Q. reckon (the Q. pumila of 
pou. and Q. coccinea (Q. rubra L., var. a). His Q. cuneata is Q. 
falcata Michx., var. y triloba, and his Q. MiBMEen is the Q. aquatica 
teim by. 
Walter in ** Flora Caroliniana,” published in the year 1788, enumerated 
thirteen oaks: 1, Q. sempervirens (virens Ait. ); 2, Q. Phellos ; 3, Q. humilis 
(cinerea Michx., var. 7. Spes 4, Q. ydo ce prid Michx., var. 
pumila) ; 5, Q. Prinus; 6, Q. nigra; 7, Q. aquatica (nigra L., a) 308, 
rubra (glandibus parvis globosis, perliaps Q- SA Wang.?); 9, Q. iovis 
(Catesbei, Michx.?); 10, Q. alba; 11, Q. lyrata, which he first describes; 
a Q. sinuata, from the bu dii ud of which it is not plain what it means; 
3, Q. villosa already described by Wangenheim as Q- stellata. Micha 
usd a. who a FANE but did not name it, the au iis 
of cus aquatica. De Candolle makes Walter the author of it; the 
Whi published his Flor ora one year after the publication of Wangenheim's 
novius, so his name should be added. By the m Walter is noteworthy 
for his modesty, which should be imitated by many an eager species- 
His w n 
** Libertatem appellative assignandi paucis tantum concedendam stil; 
quamobrem iis, qui in hac scientia merito duces sunt, jus reliquit dicendi 
quenam sint nomina plantis nunc primum descriptis." If so many botanists, 
who, overrating the doubtful merit of having created a new species, fill 
our botanical books with names, would follow modest old Walter, a good 
deal of wasted paper could be saved, and a good deal of unnecessary 
work. Indeed, it is much easier to make new species, than to clean those 
Augean stables of synony 
Aiton in ** Kew Garden," 1789, calls the oo Q. sempervirens of 
Catesby Q. virens; the latter name is adop 
William artram, in his ** Travels Vind North and South Carolina," 
Phil. 1791, proposes the new species Q. tinctoria, which De Candolle in 
