396 FAUNA OF THE SOUTHERN ALLEGHANIES. 
Vireo solitarius. Of the list, Verrill states that Mniotilta 
varia, Parula Americana, Dendreca virens, D. Blackburnie, 
D. icterocephala, Myiodioctes Canadensis, Setophaga ruticilla 
and Vireo solitarius, breed at Norway, Maine, at the north- 
ern limit of the Alleghanian fauna. Dendreca coronata. and 
Junco hyemalis migrate still farther north to within the lim- 
its of the Canadian fauna, to breed: D. maculosa, not 
breeding at Norway, may have similar habits. The two 
former birds are regarded by Verrill as true types of the 
Canadian fauna, the Junco representing in part Spizella so- 
cialis of the Alleghanian, and the D. coronata the D. pinus 
of the same. 
The southern localities now given for the species of the two 
lists, I have not found recorded, except in the case of Junco . 
hyemalis, which according to Audubon breeds in the Vir- 
ginian Alleghanies. The species mostly, and especially the 
last named, are confined like the red squirrel to the most ele- 
vated mountain crests. In North Carolina these range from 
five thousand to six thousand seven hundred and forty feet. 
It is also evident that a number of species of birds, mostly 
wood-warblers (Dendreca and other Tanagride) have an 
east and west, as well as north and south migration; passing 
to and from the Alleghany Mountains, instead of going to 
the New England States and Canada. 
Among the Batrachia a single species is found on the 
high peaks of the Black Mountains, and its faunal relations 
are similar to the preceding. This is a species of Sala- 
mander, the Desmognathus ochrophea, which is common in 
that Canadian island, the Adirondack Mountains, and in the 
Alleghanies as far south as the South of Pennsylvania. In 
the lower country of New England and New York it appears 
not to be known to naturalists, though it may occur there, 
while in Southern Pennsylvania it is not found. Its range 
extends to the Georgian Alleghanies, as a specimen similar 
to those from the Black Mountains was sent to the Smith- 
sonian Institution by Dr. Jones. 
