AMERICAN ASSOCIATION ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. 629 
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ANTHROPOLOGY. 
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CRANIAL CHARACTERS IN Max. — Professor John 
Cleland has communicated to the Royal Society a paper in which he gives 
an account of some careful investigations into the cranial measurements 
of various races, and criticises the various methods of craniometry in use 
— pointing out what facts of growth and feit of parts Pu observed 
measurements really indicate. He observes that if the terms dolicho- 
cephalic pe "pss are to retain any scientific value as applied to 
skulls, the **cephalic index” (that is, the breadth in terms of the length 
which is called one rendre) must not be depended on. Other points of 
importance, as pointed out by Retzius, must be attended to. According 
9 Dr. Cleland, the relation of the height to length of a skull is of great 
importance. There is no foundation whatever for the supposition, 
which is a wide spread one, that the lower races of hum manity have the 
forehead less developed than the more civilized nations; neither is it 
the case that the forehead slopes more backwards on the floor of the 
anterior part of the brain-case in them than it does in others. — Quarterly 
Journal - Science. 
TARY GENIUS. — In his late work on “ Hereditary Genius,” Mr. 
idite Galton thus describes his PE 
“Wha rofess to prove is Mies that if t 1 taken, of dene one os a ee 
excoptionaly itd in a high degree—say ne d or as one in a million—and th 
r has not, the former r child gem ioc aste a  éreider chance of turning out to ue ited in 
a Miet ph than the other. Also, I argue that, as a new race can be obtained in animals and 
n ber 
plan bis raise ed t o SO great a degree of purity 1 thes i will makntaln itself, with n mo e 
ríe e eare, 
men might be obtained, under exactly similar conditions," 
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION. 
NINETEENTH MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE AD- 
VANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, HELD AT Troy, N. Y., AUGUST 17TH-24TH. 
1870. [A hn of papers continued from the November Number] 
r. F. W. PuTNAM made a communication **Om the young of Ortha- 
piti mola." He had been led to his investigations by the statement, 
e by Messrs. Lütken and Steenstrup,* that the young of Orthagoriscus 
venei cine iiem the adult, and that Molacanthus was not a distinct 
genus, but simply the young state of Orthagoriscus. This statement of 
the redii Copenhagen zoologists led him to believe that they had 
not seen the young of Orthagoriscus and had been misled by the singular 
form of Molacanthus in considering that genus as the younger state of 
* (Efversigt Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1863. p. 36. 
