REVIEWS. 145 
When hauled in, the dredge contained 150 lbs. of pale gray ooze, contain- 
alumina, carbonate of magnesium, and oxide of iron. The animals 
brought up were, among others, Dentalium n.sp. (large), Pecten fenestra- 
tus, Dacridium vitreum, Scrobicularia nitida, Neæra meer Anonyx Hólbol- 
lii Kroyer, Ampelisca equicornis Bruzel., Munna n.sp., several annelids; 
Ophiocten Kroyeri Lütken, Echinocucumis alte, Sars; a stalked cri inold 
allied to Rhizocrinus; Salicornaria, n.sp., two fragments of a hydroid 
Z "V "a numerous foraminifera, ép a a ved rhizopod 
e eyes in species of all classes were well developed, showing that in 
these aii light of some kind must exist. The temperature at the 
bottom in this case was 36° 5! Fahr. npud 65° 6! Fahr. at the surface. 
he third cruise in charge of Dr. W. B. Carpenter, Prof. Wyville 
Thompson and Mr. P. Herbert Carpenter, was devoted to the exploration 
o exist 
a ich h rey 
between the north of Scotland, the Hebrides, and the Fare Islands. 
Space will not admit of even a condensed exhibit of the valuable results 
— on ost cruise 
he rst and valuable of the results of these dredgings, due 
to the se Wiese) of the British Government, may be succinctly stated 
‘as follows. 
1. It has been practically proved that there is no limit to the existence 
of animal life as far as depth is concerned, and that the difference in the 
Specific gravity of the water at = cea and at 2500 fathoms is less 
Ps that between salt and fresh w. 
2. That there is a constant slbi between the carbonic acid gas 
from the bottom and the oxygen at the surface, by which the animals at 
ion. 
3. An abundant supply of dilute protoplasm in the water serves 
food for the protozoic inhabitants of the deep sea, upon which latter Pd 
higher animals subsist. 
lacial sees climate € exist over any area, without refer- 
ence to the terr, climate of that area. 
5. Cold deris warm areas may sue in close juxtaposition, at great 
racters. 
in composition from the chalk rock ee a of England, and no evi- 
dence whatever has accumulated to sustain the hypothesis of Dr. Carpen- 
ter that the Cretaceous period is at pist aie in the Atlantic 
a bed; indeed, that “ae in a late letter in ** Nature” has prac 
Gane abandoned this 
AMER. NATURALIST, VOL. IV. 94 
