462 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [VoL. XXXIII. 
Protective devices of insects do not always baffle birds, and 
to illustrate this I have arranged my results in the following 
manner : 
A. Restricted Protective Coloration (Resemblance to Substratum). 
I. ORTHOPTERA. 
1. Grasshoppers (Locustide and Acridide), 300 species of birds. 
2. Katydids (Locustidz), brown thrasher, chippy, screech owl, great 
horned owl, Mississippi kite, red-shouldered haw 
3. Walking Sticks (Diapheromera), crow blackbird, two species of 
cuckoos. 
II. LEPIDOPTERA. 
1. Measuring Worms (Geometridz), catbird, house wren, two species 
of cuckoos, scarlet tanager, red-winged blackbird, cowbird, 
bobolink, Baltimore oriole, purple finch, indigo bird, Wilson’s 
thrush, cedar bird, white-winged crossbill, chippy, kingbird, 
and other flycatchers, vireos, Carolina titmouse, and many 
war 
2. Ground-colored Cutworms (Noctuide), practically all insec- 
tivorous birds which feed upon the ground to any extent. 
g: aip eet striped Caterpillars : 
(a) Army worm, red-headed woodpecker, flicker, and other 
woodpeckers, cowbird, most blackbirds, orioles, meadow 
lark, bobolink, English sparrow, many native sparrows, 
kingbird, phoebe, quail, robin, bluebird. 
4. Green Caterpillars : 
a) Sphinxes, catbird, blue jay, two cuckoos, white-eyed vireo, 
red-shouldered hawk, broad-winged haw k. 
(4) Ailanthus Worm, yellow-throated vireo. 
(c) Cabbage Worm (Pieris), chippy, robin. 
(d) Telea polyphemus, broad-winged hawk. 
5. Small protectively colored moths, several species of sparrows. 
III. COLEOPTERA. 
1. Protectively colored Longicorns (Cerambycide), many wood- 
peckers. 
(a) Monohammus, great-crested flycatcher. 
2. Weevils, all insectivorous birds. 
3. Chlamys (Chrysomelide), robin, bluebird, native sparrows. 
IV. HEMIPTERA. 
. Jasside, marsh wren, house wren, cowbird, blackbirds, great- 
crested flycatcher, kingbird. 
2. Membracide, great-crested flycatcher, Brewer’s blackbird. 
