478 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST.  [Vou. XXXIII. 
Molpastes leucotis, M. bengalensis, Pycnontus sinensis, Cratcero- 
pus canorus, Acridotheres tristis, Anthracoceros, Mesia argen- 
tauris, Dissemurus paradiseus, Dicrurus ater, Sturna menzbtert, 
Kittacincla macrura, Chloropsis aurifrons, Malactas captstrata, 
Turnix taigoor. The experiments were made in cages and in 
an aviary. Mr. Finn’s conclusions are: 
“1, That there is a general appetite for butterflies among 
insectivorous birds, even though they are rarely seen, when 
wild, to attack them. í 
“2, That many, probably most species, dislike, if not in- 
tensely, at any rate in comparison with other butterflies, the 
warningly colored Danainæ, Acrea viole, Delias eucharis, and 
Papilio aristolochia, of these the last being the most distaste- 
ful and the Danianæ the least so. 
“3. That the mimics of these are at any rate relatively 
palatable, and that the mimicry is commonly effectual under 
natural conditions. 
“4. That each bird has to separately acquire its experience, 
and well remembers what it has learned.” 
That, therefore, on the whole, the theory of Wallace and 
Bates is supported in this and my former papers, so far as they 
deal with birds (and with the one mammal used). Professor 
Poulton’s suggestion that animals may be forced by hunger to 
eat unpalatable forms is also more than confirmed, as the 
unpalatable forms were commonly eaten without the stimulus 
of actual hunger — generally also, I may add, without signs of 
dislike.” 
Mr. Finn’s elaborate series of experiments have proved that 
non-protectively colored butterflies are preferred to warningly 
colored ones. He notes the avoidance of the protected forms, 
but, in cases where they are eaten, fails to detect any signs of 
actual distaste. In fact there is, it seems to me, no hard and 
fast line between distaste and lack of preference. There is, 
however, in the mind of every one a distinct difference. For 
instance, I prefer beef to mutton, but this does not signify 
that mutton is distasteful to me. On the other hand, quinine 
and kerosene are actually distasteful. In applying the same 
standard to the case of the warningly colored butterflies I 
