No. 390.] REVIEWS OF RECENT LITERATURE. 533 
from Norfolk, Va., to San Francisco. In all there are 151 species, 
of which 31 are regarded as new. LEctesthesius, allied to Qua- 
drella, Lipaesthesius, Ovalipes, a new name for Platyonichus, and 
Tetrias, allied to Pinnixa, are the only new genera proposed. We 
notice the substitution of Uca for Gelasimus. 
Zoological Notes. — The life history, habits, etc., of the tree toad, 
Hyla arborea, are exhaustively treated by H. Fischer Sigwart in 
Vierteljahrschr. Naturf. Gesell. Zürich, XXXIV, 4, 1898. The observa- 
tions cover a period of about fifteen years, and he gives the dates of 
earliest appearance in spring, order of appearance and different 
organs during development and metamorphosis, color adaptation, 
variations, etc. One table shows by curves the relation of the loud- 
ness or quantity of the frog’s song to the condition of the weather — 
the better the weather the louder the song. 
Acalephs of the Fiji Islands are shown by Alexander Agassiz and 
A. G. Mayer (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXXII, 9, 1899) to have a 
remarkable affinity to the forms from the West Indies. Thirty-eight 
species were taken, representing thirty-six genera, and with the excep- 
tion of two rhizostomes all the genera are represented by Atlantic 
species, and in six cases specific differences could not be established 
between Atlantic and Pacific forms. 
Ten new species of deep-sea Madreporaria are described by Major 
Alcock in his report on the collections of the Indian Survey steamer 
Investigator. The author points out many intimate affinities with the 
forms from medium depths of the North Atlantic, suggesting a sea 
connection in the past between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, 
probably by way of the Mediterranean. 
The classification of the different methods of monogenesis studied 
by Torrey (Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., Series 3, I, 345, 1898) in Metridium 
jimbriatum, occurring in San Francisco Bay, is as follows : 
I. Longitudinal fission. 
oral — aboral. 
aboral — oral. 
— 
II. Basal fragmentation. 
III. Budding. 
a, pedal. 
6, cesophageal. 
