538 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [VOL. XXXIII. 
second part is concerned with special organography, and the part just 
published deals exclusively with the Musciniz. Goebel’s extensive 
studies on these plants make this a most important contribution to 
our knowledge of the bryophytes. 
The structure and development of the different organs are fully 
treated, but especial attention is devoted to the many adaptations 
to their environment exhibited by the mosses and liverworts. No 
botanist has done more to increase our knowledge in this direction, 
and the present work includes much extremely valuable and interest- 
ing matter, a good deal of which is now published for the first time. 
The development of the archegonium and antheridium is first 
discussed, and the various devices for protecting these and the sig- 
nificance of their peculiar position in certain forms are treated at 
length. The dehiscence of the antheridium is fully described — more 
so than we can recall elsewhere. The most notable point in con- 
nection with the archegonium is the confirmation of the views of 
Janazewski and Kiihn in regard to the apical growth in the arche- 
gonium of the Musci, which had been disputed by Gayet. 
The various modifications of the Gametophyte in the lower Hepat- 
ice are described at length, and some very interesting figures are 
shown, especially those relating to certain tropical types like Symphy- 
ogyna and some of its allies. 
The different types of gemmz and tubers found among the liver- 
worts are fully treated. Genuine tubers, which formerly were sup- 
posed to be absent from the Hepatic, are now known in several 
genera, including species of Anthoceros, Geothallus, and Fossom- 
bronia. The recent discovery of these in a number of liverworts 
from California and South America indicates that these structures 
probably occur in a good many species of dry regions. Descriptions 
and numerous figures of the contrivances for storing water, such as 
the sac-like organs in the leaves of many tropical Jungermanniacee, 
are given. As might be expected from the careful study of these. 
which the author has made before, the subject is given very thorough 
treatment. 
The various types of sporophyte found among the Hepatice are 
described and figured, but this section of the work does not include 
much that is new. 
As might be expected, the Musci are given less space than the 
much more generalized and varied Hepatice. The more aberrant 
types, like Schistostega, Sphagnum, and Buxbaumia, are considered 
somewhat at length. The latter Goebel is still inclined to consider 
