No. 393.-] AUTODAX LUGUBRIS HALLOW, 693 
The quickness of movement of Autodax, as contrasted with 
the general sluggishness of the typical salamander, is striking 
indeed. 
Although the illustrations given by Cope ('89), p. 184, show 
fairly well the characteristics of the head mentioned by him, in 
several respects these are really more marked in fully grown 
specimens than his figures indicate. We 
have, consequently, thought it best to 
supplement his illustrations. Figs. 1 and 
2 are dorsal and lateral views of the 
head of a large male. 
The teeth of the projecting upper jaw 
in adults are distinctly visible when the 
mouth is closed, their points not being 
covered by the lip (Fig. 2). Further, 
their large size causes ridges on the outer 
surface of the lip. Professor Cope’s con- 
jecture that the animal is capable of 
inflicting a bite is certainly very reason- 
able, but we have been unable to get any positive evidence 
on the point. 
The species is entirely terrestrial and seems to be indiffer- 
ent even to a proximity to water. Rotten stumps and logs 
are the preferred habitations, and wherever these occur in the 
region about San Francisco Bay, even though at the remotest 
places from water, specimens are almost sure to be found, and 
frequently in considerable numbers in or under the same 
stump. Thus a single stump at 
Sausalito, Marin County, yielded 
to one of us seven specimens of 
one size and five of another size, 
none of them, however, being fully 
es grown, Those of the smaller size 
were about 50 mm. long, and were dark gray, almost black, 
in ground color, with finely sprinkled bluish silver. Those 
of the large size were about 75 mm. long, were much lighter 
in ground color, and were wholly devoid of the silvery 
specking, but possessed a few relatively large yellow spots 
Fic, 1. 
