QUATERNARY 



679 



Fig. 587. — Paleolithic painting of a boar. (Courtesy, 

 American Museum of Natural History.) 



Neolithic Man. — Man of Neolithic times was not contemporane- 

 ous with the great extinct mammals, with the exception of the Irish 

 elk. Their remains 

 have been found in 

 caves, cemeteries, 

 and river deposits, 

 in peat bogs, and 

 lake bottoms (pile 

 dwellings), and in 

 shell mounds. Neo- 

 lithic implements and 

 weapons are often 

 ground at the edge 

 (Fig. 582 B) and 

 more or less polished 

 and finely finished, 

 and are frequently 

 of graceful design. With some doubtful exceptions, Paleolithic man 

 in western Europe seems to have been suddenly replaced by Neolithic 

 man, who brought with him not only greater skill in the manu- 

 facture of implements, but domesticated animals, such as the dog, 

 horse, sheep, goat, and hog. Moreover, he was acquainted with 



agriculture, as grains 

 and the seeds of 

 fruits, as well as 

 dried fruits, show. 

 Spinning, weaving, 

 and pottery making 

 were also practiced. 

 An important part 

 of our knowledge of 

 Neolithic man comes 

 from the lake dwell- 

 ings in Switzerland 

 and Sweden. These 

 dwellings were on 

 piles driven into 



Fig. 588. — Paleolithic painting, in red and black, of a bul 

 (Courtesy, American Museum of Natural History.) 



shallow lakes, and were connected with the shore by drawbridges 

 which could be withdrawn in case of attack. 



The Age of Stone gradually merges into the Bronze Age, as that, 



