7°4 



INDEX 



Glaciation — (Continued) 



theories of, atmospheric, 661-662. 



theories of, elevation, 660. 

 Glacier milk, 159. 

 Glaciers, Alpine, 141. 



continental, 168-171. 



deposition by, 159-163, 171-182. 



distribution of, 141. 



fluctuations of, 152. 



formation of, 143. 



limits of, 152. 



Piedmont, 167-168. 



transportation by, 154-156. 



size of, 141, 144. 



slope of, 152. 



surface of, 147-150. 

 Glassy rocks, 329, 331. 

 Glauconite, 516. 

 Globigerina ooze, 241. 

 Glyptocrinus decadactylus, 431. 

 Glyptodon, 671. 

 Glyptosaurus, 625. 

 Gneiss, 346. 

 Gomphoceras, 460. 

 Goniatite, Devonian, 459. 



Mesozoic, 530. 

 Goniograptus postremus, 428. 

 Goniophyllum pyramidale, 444. 

 Gossan, 373. 

 Graben, 263. 

 Grade, 88. 



Graham's Island, erosion of, 213. 

 Grammysia hannibalensis, 483. 

 Grand Calumet River, course changed by 



drifting sand, 50, 51. 

 Grand Canyon of the Colorado, 95, 109, 



352. 

 Granite, 24, 330. 



marine erosion of, 206. 

 Granitoid rocks, 329. 

 Granulation, 349. 

 Graphite, 501. 

 Graptolites, Cambrian, 416. 



Ordovician, 427-429. 



Silurian, 445. 

 Grasses, 630-631. 

 Gravity fault, 261-263. 

 Great Lakes, origin of basins, 651-652. 



preglacial drainage of, 651. 



stages in history, 652-655. 

 Great Rift valley, Africa, 267. 

 Greenland glaciation, 168-169. 

 Green River formation, 575, 625. 



Gregory, H. E., 57. 

 Gregory, J. W., 166. 

 Grindelwald, glaciers of, 144. 

 Ground moraine, 161, 177. 

 Ground water, affected by earthquakes, 

 290. 



chemical work of, 60-62. 



deposition by, 60. 



depth of, 58. 



level of, 56. 



mechanical work of, see Landslides. 



mineral matter in solution, 58. 



movement of, 58. 



quantity of, 56. 



replacement by, 60. 



solution by, 60. 



striking effects of, 69-75. 

 Growth of granules, theory of glacial 



movement, 191. 

 Gryphaea, 526. 

 Gryphaea arcuata, 527. 

 Grypotherium, 671. 

 Guelph stage, 439. 

 Gunnison River, contrasted with Uncom- 



pahgre, 113-114. 

 Gymnosperms, 496-497, 567. 

 Gypidula galeata, 458. 

 Gypsum, 687. 



Mississippian, 470. 



Permian, 476. 



Hade, 261. 



Halobia (Daonella) lommeli, 527. 



Halysites, 444, 456. 



Halysites catenulatus, 444. 



Hamilton stage, 452. 



Hanging valley, 93, 163, 206. 



Hanging wall, 262. 



Hapsiphyllum calcareforme, 480. 



Harrison formation, 606. 



Hastings, England, storm waves at, 



201. 

 Haug, E., 348, 360. 

 Hawaiian volcanoes, 307-310. 

 Headlands and coves, 208. 

 Headward erosion, 99. 

 Heat, interior, 273, 365. 

 Heave, 262. 



Hebertella borealis, 432. 

 Height of land, 104. 

 Helderberg limestones, 452. 

 Helgoland, erosion of, 213, 214. 



