30 MUSTARD ORDER 



a. Flowers yellow or cream-colored 



(i) Stipules at base of leaf stalks small, not 



conspicuous, leaf-like and lobed 



(a) Stems short at flowering; leaves lance- 



iinear to ovoid, rarely heart-shaped at 



base V. Nuttdllii 



{b) Stems long, weak; leaves broadly round 



or kidney-shaped, heart-shaped at base V. biflora 

 {2) Stipules conspicuous, leaf-like and lobed 



or cut ; some petals often bluish V. tenella 



b. Flowers blue, purple or white 



(1) Flowers blue to purple; stipules cut or 



fringed ; plants smooth or rough V . canina 



(2) Flowers white; stipules entire V. canadensis 



Calceolaria Loefling 1758 

 (Lat. calceolus, little shoe, from the corolla) 



Sepals 5, somewhat unequal, petals 5, white, the lower largest, swollen 

 at base, the two lateral ones larger than the upper; flowers solitary, nod- 

 ding ; leaves alternate or opposite, linear to oblanceolate ; perennial. 

 Stems 3-12 in. high from a woody base; leaves entire C. linearis 



POLYGALACEAE MILKWORT FAMILY 



Sepals 5, irregular, the two lateral petal-like, petals 3, united into a 

 tube somewhat attached to the stamens, stamens 6 or 8, united below into 

 1, or into 2 sets, ovary 2-celled, 2-seeded, style simple, fruit a capsule; 

 flowers in racemes, spikes or heads ; herbs or shrubs with alternate, opposite 

 or whorled leaves. 



Polygala Linne 1753 Milkwort 



(Gr. polys, much, gala, milk, from its supposed virtue as pasturage) 

 Characters of the family ; flowers white, purple, yellow or greenish. 



1. Plants herbaceous; corolla with a fringed crest 



a. Leaves in whorls of 4 or 5 P. verticil] at a 



b. Leaves alternate P. alba 



2. Plants more or less shrubby and spiny ; corolla 



without a fringed crest 



a. Plant 2-3 ft. high; flowers 3-4 mm. long P. acanthoclada 



b. Plant 2-8 in. high; flowers 7-10 mm. long p % subspinosa 



