34 MALLOW ORDER 



Leaves ovate or lance-ovate, 3-nerved at base ; fruit 



globose, blackish, persisting C. occidentdlis 



Humulus Linne 1753 Hop 

 (Lat. humus, ground, perhaps from its trailing habit) 



Sepals 5 in the stamen flowers, 1 in the pistil flowers, petals none, 

 stamens 5, ovary 1 -celled, stigmas 2, fruit an achene, the latter forming a 

 cone-like cluster when mature ; stamen flowers in panicles, pistil flowers in 

 spikes ; leaves opposite 3-7-lobed ; climbing herbs. 

 Stems twining or clambering, rough-hairy H. lupulus 



Parietaria Linne 1753 Pellitory 

 (Lat. paries, wall, from the habitat of some species) 



Sepals 4/ often united, petals none, stamens 4, ovary 1-celled, stigma 

 tufted, fruit an achene enclosed in the withered calyx ; stamen and pistil 

 flowers clustered in the leaf axils ; leaves alternate, entire ; smooth annuals. 

 Plants 6-14 in. high; leaves lanceolate, 3-nerved, 1-3 



in. long P. pennsilvdnica 



Urtica Linne 1753 Nettle 

 (Lat. urtica, nettle, from uro, burn, from the stinging hairs) 



Sepals 4, somewhat united, petals none, stamens 4, ovary 1-celled, 

 stigma tufted, fruit an achene enclosed by the calyx ; flowers of two sorts, 

 stamen and pistil-bearing, in long axillary clusters ; leaves opposite, serrate ; 

 stinging perennials. 



1. Leaf bases heart-shaped; leaves broadly ovate U.dioeca 



2. Leaf bases rounded or tapering ; leaves lance- 



oblong to lance-ovate U. gracilis 



EUPHORB1ACEAE SPURGE FAMILY 



Sepals 3-10, united, or 1 and very minute, petals 3-5, small, or none, 

 stamens 4-16, or 1, ovary usually with 3 cavities, ovules 1-2 in each cavity, 

 styles 3, fruit a 3-lobed capsule splitting when ripe ; flowers with stamens 

 and pistils separate, mostly single or in racemes, or in minute flower-like 

 heads; herbs with opposite, alternate or whorled mostly simple entire or 

 toothed leaves. 



1. Plant silvery-gray with star-shaped hairs; sta- 



mens 10 Croton 



2. Plant not gray-stellate; stamens mostly 1-5 



