122 PHLOX ORDER 



y. Leaves of the cluster equalling or much 

 shorter than the flower branches 

 (x) Stems tufted, spreading, 2-8 in. 

 high ; lower leaves gray, often 

 silky, upper yellowish, bristly K. sericea 

 (y; Stems rarely tufted, erect, 8-15 in. 

 high ; leaves grayish green, usu- 

 ally very bristly ■ K. glomerdta 



b. Calyx mostly closed in fruit ; fruit, calyx and 



pedicel falling off together 



(1) Nutlets of the fruit margined by a wing K. pterocdrya 



(2) Nutlets not winged 



(a) Nutlets or some of them, roughened or 



warted K. crassisepala 



(b) Nutlets smooth K. Patter soni 



c. Calyx splitting circularly in fruit, the lobed 



top falling away ; stems 1-5 in. high, white- 

 hairy ; leaves linear K. circumscissa 

 2. Leaves opposite, at least the lower; stems pros- 

 trate, branched from the base, with single 

 flowers for most of their length, 1-6 in. long K. calif omica 



Lappula Moench 1794 Stickseed 

 (Lat. lappa, bur, -ula, little) 

 PI. 20, fig. 9-10; PI. 21, fig. 9. 

 Sepals 5, united, petals 5, blue or white, united into a salver- or 

 funnelform corolla, the tube very short, the throat closed by 5 scales, sta- 

 mens 5, included, ovary 4-lobed, style short, fruit of 4 nutlets, the mar- 

 gins or backs armed with stout, often flattened, barbed prickles, the sides 

 usually with small papillae ; flowers in terminal racemes ; leaves alternate, 

 narrow, entire ; annual or perennial. 



1. Racemes with leafy bracts; fruits not deflexed 



a. Prickles in 1 row, distinct to variously fused L. texdna 



b. Prickles in 2 rows L. lappula 



2. Racemes without leafy bracts ; fruits deflexed 



a. Flowers 2-5 mm. wide; fruits 4-5 mm. wide L. americdna 



b. Flowers 6-10 mm. wide; fruits 6-8 mm, wide L.floribunda 



Lithospermum Linne 1753 Gromwell, Puccoon 

 (Gr. lithos, stone, s per ma, seed) 

 PI. 21, fig. 3. 

 Sepals 5, united, petals 5, white, yellow, or blue, united into a funnel- 



