APPENDIX. 723 



The reft contribute to form that , ..zing muU 

 titndeof water fowl, that annually 3 at from mod 

 parts of Europe to the woods and Jakes of Lapland 

 and other arttic regions*, there to perform the 

 functions of incubation and nutrition in full fecu- 

 rity. They and their young quit their retreat in 

 September, and difperfe themfelves over Europe, 

 With us they make their appearance the begin- 

 ning of O_ftober\ circulate firft round our fhores, and 

 when compelled by fevere froft, betake themfelves 

 to our lakes and rivers. Of the web-footed fowl 

 there are fome of hardier conftitutions than others ; 

 thefe endure the ordinary winters of the more 

 northern countries, but when the cold reigns there 

 with more than common rigor, repair for fhelter to 

 thefe kingdoms : this regulates the appearance of 

 fome of the Diver kind, as alio of the wild Swans^ 



* Barents found the Eernacles with their nefls in great nurrfs 

 bers in Nova Zembla. Colled. voy. Dutch Eaft- India Company t 

 8vo. 1703. p. 19. Clufiusm his Exot. 368. alio obferves, 

 that the Dutch difcovered them on the rocks of that country 

 and in Waygate Straits. They, as well as the other fpecies of 

 wild Geefe, go very far north to breed, as appears from the 

 hiftories of Greenland and Spitsbergen, by Egede and Crantz. 

 Thefe birds feem to make Iceland a .retting place, as Hor* 

 reboiv obferves, few continue there to breed, but only vijit 

 that ifland in the fpring, and after a ihort flay, retire ftill 

 further north. 



The Sujallovi taikd Shield Duck breeds in the Icy Sea, and is 

 forced fouthwardonly in the very hard winters. Aman. Acad* 

 IV. 585. 



Vol. II. B b b the 



