227 
1, In 1449 and 1450 a considerable plague o iienflé rs attacked 
rd Nürnberg forests, for which no remedy could d found. (Nürnberg. 
hronth.) : 
2. In 1479, the May beetles, which had caused great destruction 
round Lausanne, were cited before the Lei court, and an advocate 
from Freyburg granted them, and after mature deae they were 
pot (M. Stettler's Schweizer Chronik, p 9 
. In 1502 so many caterpillars swarmed in Sanka that they 
not only destroyed the gardens but also ate the trees so bare that they 
stood up in the woods like broomsticks. (Angeli, Annales March. 
Brand. 1416-1 596. 
n 1506 the Kurmark suffered a similar misfortune. — 
Chron 
5. fü 1719 the caterpillars ate up the tops of the fir trees near 
Freyburg in Saxony to such an extent thnt they withered up. At the 
same time all sorts of insects crept into the same places he bark 
beetles). (Von Karlowitz, Answeisung zur Wildenbaumzuch. 
through the pine insect. (Kob. Ursuche der Waldtroc: 
7. In 1726, near Nürnberg, 600 ** morgens" of dg eli were 
eaten up by caterpillars. (Nürnberg. Chronik.) 
8. In 1729, in Thuringia, there were so many moths and butterflies 
that d almost flew into the mouths of the passers-by. (Nürnberg. 
Chron 
9. In 1734, in the Anspach and Nürnberg distriets the pesi insects. 
caused. Lope ae in the forests. (Meyer’s Zeitschrift fur des Forst 
und xc ene 
feels ^ this time glass furnaces were introduced, which absorbed the 
wood killed by the “nonnen” pest. (K. v. Sprengeisen, tg 
ete.) 
11. In 1776 the mde Pa devoured great districts in the Ukraine, 
where they had been quite unknown for 40 years. (Hennert. 
12. In 1783 and 1784, in the slo the riae ae gat? district), the 
* nonnen ° DE illar eaused great damage ld and. young pine 
trees. The bark beetle followed and finished the geng (Kob. 
At the same time the “nonne” and other insects were busy in the - 
rest. 
In 1783-86 the bark beetle caused immense devastations in the Harz 
and other German districts, and in the Harz this continued until the end 
of the century. 
13. In 1783-88 and 1790-93 the great pine caterpillar caused great 
damage in the district of Soran, often a single branch bore a whole 
i 
In the Górlitz Heath also the caterpillar plague was very considerable, 
and more than 18,000 cords of w: were consumed for fuel. reor 
- M. In 1791-96, in d ej erm although for five years no m 
trace d f the eaterpillar had been found, 650,000 DM d of pine. 
forest were devoured by the great pine ores iim pure seventh. part 
b: ed. vom The bark beetle also nr a 
destruction. The pet eu, aret to Mec ME Sazony, | 
mia. 
