194 
each ment some hairs; the last segment ends in two thick WA 
spieuous cylindrical processes, which, on side view, are seen to inclin 
upwards, and beneath them is the short, conical spike, sheathing the 
penis. Penis red, longish, tubular, and thick, with many recurved short 
hairs, and at the end a ring 9 of short spines. Each of the two processes 
on the en s three or four long sete, but there do not 
appear to be any of ue ote cottony appendages seen in the males of 
most Coccids. 
Habitat.—On wattle, orange, lemon, cypress, ‘ha gorse, grass, 
and, in fact, on almost every kind of native and introduced plants, 
Nelson, Hawke’s Bay, Auckland. It will probably pns also else- 
where, ‘put the climate of Canterbury and Otago may prove too cold in 
winter for it. 
Allied to Z. sacchari, Guérin, which damages sugar-canes in Mauri- 
iius; but differing in the formation of the ovisae, the presence of the 
marginal tufts and spinneret tubes in the female, and in other partieu- 
lars. Th o of I. sacchari has not been described. The male of 
4. Purchasi is probably quite distinct 
This species is supposed to have come originally from Australia. It 
has been very injurious to orange and lemon trees at the of Good 
Hope and in California. In duin. it has destroyed hats orchards 
of the same trees, and in Nelson and Hawke’s Bay it is a dreadful pest 
on all kinds of plants 
The following are references to the plate given on the opposite 
e :— 
cerya Purchasi.—a, insects on twig of Acacia (Wattle), natural 
size; b, adult female and ovisac, upper view ; c, adult female and ovisac, 
side ` view ; d, female of second stage; e, wit be cotton ; f, 
adult male; g, haltere of male; 2, two joints of male antenna; 
airs, spinnerets, and glassy tubes of female; », antenna of adult 
female. 
The literature of Icerya Purchast is already somewhat extensive.* 
The most. complete and exhaustive account yet published is found in 
the Maite le the year 1886, of Professor Riley, M.A., Ph.D., Ento- 
mologist e U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1887, 
pp. 106-492, 
* Report of the Parr ssion appointed to inquire into . . . . the “ Australian 
Bug.” Mee ue 1877. 
Dep l of F On the “ Australian Bug” of South Africa. May 1882, 
41-46. 
pum ects rigs to Fruits, By William Saunders, F.R.S.C., Philadelphia, 1883 
p. 400, with wo 
ew Zealand "Transactions, Vol. xi., 1878, p. 221; vol xvi, 1883, p. 140; 
vol. xvii, 1884, p. 30; vol. xix., 1886, p. 
45. 
the Entomologist, Charles V. Riley, M.A., Ph.D., for the um 1886 
[U.S S aene of ee Regret pp. 466-492, with plates. Was shington, 1887. 
See 15, U.S. Department of Abate 
The Icerya, or Flut van 
Division of E f Entom Andin cig 
Account of the Inse Makr noxious to Agriculture and Plants in New Zealand, 
e Seale - Heec (Coccide). By W. M. Maskell, F.R.M.S., Wellington, N.Z., 
xix. 
. _ Injurious Farm and Fruit Insects of South Africa. By Eleanor A 
. F.R.Met.Soc., and O. E. Jansen, F.E "x London, 1889. pp. 69-98, with woodeuts. 
(The notes on Icerya Purchasi are a reprint, in abridged form, of a pamphlet 
mi» in 1887, under title of ** Australian Bug of South Africa." ) 
