205 
prenh m though hardly noticeable as they protrude from the mass of 
hairs. 
fe Anon LT FEMALE—FOURTH SraGe.—Immediately after the molt 
by which the insect passes into this stage, it is free from the waxy ex- 
cretion and presents a broadly oval form, flattened below and quite strongly 
i i ised ac e 
er spots, especially upon the front half and along the sides of the 
posterior half of the body, and the scm nne and legs are black. The 
"— are now 11-jointed instead of 9 ; joint 1 is seed twice as wide 
ally and slightly in length and decrease very slightly in width ; joint 11 
(club) is irregularly ovoid and is one and one-half times as long as 10; 
the special hairs are a little shorter than in the previous stage. The 
whole body is furnished with short black hairs, more numerous than in 
the last stage, arranged in tufts, partieularly around the edge, where 
they oecur in a double parallel row, the inner row being practically sub- 
dorsal and accentuated by a slight "ridge. Down the central portion of 
the dorsum of the abdomen the segments are indicated by the transverse 
rows of hair tufts. The secretory pores are exceedingly abundant, 
occurring in enormous numbers just under the lateral edges of the body, 
and scattered more sparsely over the back. The individual wax fila- 
ments which issue from these pores are very delicate and curly, and 
there is reason to suppose that two or three issue at one time from one 
Thi: 
x^ an eir ring of ims binh a are yellowish in colour instead of 
k arising from 
Fre d in the last stage are now very long and radiate from the body 
n almost every direction. They break off iv ad já n often reach 
c e 
the seventh abdominal segment. It is surrounded by a transversely oval 
chitinous ring. 
Tue Eaa-sac.—As the body of the female begins to swell from the 
eggs forming inside, the beginning of the egg-sac is made. The female 
lies flat on the bark, the edges of the body turned slightly upwards, and 
the waxy material of which the sac is composed begins to issue from 
countless pores on the under side of the body, but more especially along 
the sides below. As the secretion advances the body is raised, the 
the surface to which d is baa ached. The egg-laying commences as soon 
as a thin layer of the ion has formed on the og side of the 
abdomen, and it Sainas Daa the ‘gegen of the There soon 
appears around the edge of the abdomen a narr g of white felt-like 
wax, which is divided into a number ‘of flutings zn hese flutings grow 
in length and the mass of eggs and wax under them increases, forcing 
the female upward until the sac is completed. When completed, it is 
from two to two and one-half times the length of the female's body. It 
f a snow-white colour, and the outside is covered with 15 of these 
longitudinal ridges or flutings, of subequal size, except that the middle 
