210 
they swarm around the mper trees, aud many of the females, even 
some with large egg-masses, their bodies raised obliquely from the 
bark, as though aware of the ti of the males. In September and 
October Mr. Koebele noticed that the males began their flight about 
5 o’clock, and as soon as it was fairly dark they again settled down to 
rest. None have been observed flying at night and none have been 
attracted to the electric lights. 
EXUDATION OF THE HONEY-DEW. 
lt required but a few hours upon our first visit to Los Angeles, the 
latter part of March, to become familiar with the insect in all its habits 
and conditions, as at that season the species is to be found in E con- 
ditions from the egg through all the stages of both sexes. 
characteristic of this remarkable insect which most obviously aisi , 
our attention and distinguished it from all other species of the family, 
even where there were no gravid females with the fluted cushion, was 
the saccharine exudation. As with most Aphids and Coecids, this sweet 
liquid is exuded at all stages of growth, but is most copious from the 
adplt female just before oviposition begins. It is expelled with con- 
siderable force fr: 
om the large pore already described, and in hot weather 
with sufficient rapidity to produce all the effects of honey-dew. Usually 
it is limpid eno to soak and discolour the trunk and to drop as it 
leaves, etimes being remind 
one of a shower; but at other times, and especially during dry weather, 
the sugar condenses and forms large drops or f white, semi- 
opaque, sirupy we scie rete - and often completely covers the 
insect, so that the trunk of the Psy dee uch as if it had be 
bespattered with plies potash or me ad's stearine. At Shé times the 
liquid parts evaporate entirely and leaye masses of pure white powdery 
sugar. 
Honey-loving insects seek this sugary secretion in numbers, and it is 
always followed by the black mold or smut ( Capnodium citri), which 
is so universal an accompaniment of all honey-secreting Homoptera, 
living as it does on n saccharine e osit. The secretion being so 
Monk or SPREAD AND DISTRIBUTION. 
The spread of ae species will be aided by very much the same 
> aie bs aff spread and dissemination of other species of 
We lins ve nagi in 1868, in treating of the Oyster- 
shell Pak lass of the Apple,* and again four years el grs 
the paige ci) methods by which such. Lem is irrita , by the 
agency of wind and running water; by the g bein rid upon 
birds and bus animals, particularly flying demum frequenting the same 
trees; but primarily by transport upon scions and n stock. 
In insects like the Coccidæ, where the Terei ve per er is confined 
forthe most part to is ew days i in early larval life, the species would be 
x —— restrieted in range, and would never pass from one country 
* o 
* First Report Insects of Missouri, p. 15s ity 
f Fifth Report Insects of Missouri, pp. 85, 86. 
