292 
Other kinds - E - =’ - 10: 
Balanites - - - - - AES 
oringa - - - - 2 2: 
Leptadenia - - - » s rå 
Calligonum - oe M 
Of the smaller camel fodder the Basella hardly nourishes by itself, 
nor do the Panicum, the Crotalaria, nor in he smaller 
n deed any 
lants. Just as grazing will not profit the Baluchi camel unless the 
Eee pin es Keen so the grazing without Acacia is small advantage 
to the 
deseription of what is going on to-day will serve probably as a true 
description of what has been going on intermittently for 1,200 years. The 
process has been arrested from time ie time during periods when the 
Nile Valley was not safe for Arabs. And it is possible that the pros- 
donkeys, attended by herdsmen, fed by grain from the Nile Valley. 
The camel will then, having so to speak burnt its boats, be domesticated 
in the Nile Valley. And it is interesting to speculate as to how he 
develop there. Already the massive Cairo camel is a type E from 
other camels, surpassing all in its cumbrous massive proport 
In 1850 Bellefonds — in the country between pee and 
Abu Hammad  wrote:—* There were grouped around us in the 
* ravines many men, women, and children. All be gged us not to cut 
*t their trees which were their sole riches. But in eality they were 
* only come to bes." Here I think Bellefonds web the 
No do 8 
camels and the request was genuine. To myself such requests were 
frequently urged, and to my camel men, also from whom no alms were 
expected, and who always forebore to eut when as 
`- In a valley full of acacias there hangs at frequent intervals a lon 
crook, peeled that it may readily be seen. The children, followed by 
their flocks, e mploy the crooks to shake the leaves down. One tree 
ill feed two sheep and continue to thrive. And a man with an axe 
will destroy in a few minutes, as à meal for one camel, what would have 
Supported two sheep for a year. Colston, in 1878, writes of the Wadi 
uda :—* It was the first. of these rich v verdant Vei Mico we 
** called a the roh ierat We fond Be also a great sab of 
* shrubs and plants of different .kinds, among which was 2 kind of 
* broom called mur kh (Leptadenia pyrotechnica).” In 1891 this valley 
contained but a few Calotr ^ro s, eatable by no animal, and some mangled 
stumps of avacias ready for the charcoal burner. 
A Pide "p the Wadi Hullus affords perhaps the most instructive 
e process of destruction. The word “hullus” means : 
cloth or it Spread over a camel's back. And the valley is a curious 
trough running along the apex of the long eh from Hullus to Wadi 
Jemal. The origin of the name is thus appare 
On leaving the Wadi Durunkat we entered die Hullus, and rode for 
some miles through clusters of mangled acacia stum The owner of 
~ the sheep, which must shortly move — was settled in the RM 

D Presently we a line across the path, a mere scrape o 
cu AM hand i in the soft soil. From this point fine um 8 trees 
thick in Ta eT m at the highest point was “camped an 
