12 SOME RELICS OF THE INDIANS OF VERMONT. 
On Grand Isle in the lake there was such a place, and in this case 
the stone used by these primitive workmen was unlike any exist- 
ing in the neighborhood. 
We are told that the country about Lake Champlain was occu- 
pied mainly by the Iroquois and Coosucks, though- undoubtedly 
other tribes visited these regions not unfrequently. How many 
of the implements found were made by members of these tribes 
is not known, but some of them must date farther back than the 
occupation of the ground by these tribes, as the style and char- 
acter of the work is unlike any they have produced. 
The greater portion of the relics which have been discovered 
were made from stone found in Vermont, either in place or as 
drift, but a few are of different material from anything found in 
New England. 
Pestles and mortars for pounding corn are not uncommon ; the 
latter being usually mere shallow cavities in some hard rock ; but 
sometimes they are deeper. The pestles are usually well made 
and taper from the middle, toward each end, though the larger. 
ones taper only toward one end. They are usually of compact 
material, as trap or granite, but some are of softer mateérial,* as 
slate or schist. I have seen only one that had any kind of orna- 
ment upon it. This is a large one, over two feet long, in the 
Museum of the University of Vermont. It is cylindrical as usual, 
and is rounded at one end, while the other is carved to resemble 
the head of some animal, it may be a wolf. + 
Small triangular articles are found, which, from the roundness 
and smoothness of the edges, seem made to rub down the seams 
in garments. Here, as in every locality in which Indian relics 
are found, great numbers of arrowpoints and spearheads have 
been picked up. Many are made of milky quartz and many more 
of flint or chert. They vary greatly in form and workmanship. 
Gouges and chisels are rather common all over the state. The 
ese long implements of soft or slaty stone 
8 ; generally called “ pestles,” were 
probably used for mashing grain on a flat stone or log, by a rolling process rather 
aeea pounding, as the en material from which they are made, would, if used as a 
pestle, give rather more grit to the “ Indian cake” t i 
to realtek ae ae than even an Indian would be likely 
t In the collection of the New York State Museum at si g 
of identical pattern and same rough caryi yal a ap 
Museum hese are the only ones that have come 
handle carved to represent an animal, 
cha t h FPhah at dha i 31. 
under my observation, having the 
‘though most of the longer implements of this 
¥ if purpose of suspension, — F. W. P. 
PREEN AEE ENDE N N ETNEA E E A EISA EAA C ERR E 
EN FEE N E F CEN EES 
a oot a Ne a a a 
