114 _ REVIEWS. 
raising bees. Vogel’s article shows how much the future of bee 
keeping depends on the application of physiological knowledge, 
obtained by the most difficult and abstruse experiments. So much 
is said by “ practical” men of the futility of studying bugs, or 
cutting up dead or dried plants, or the cruelties of vivisection, or 
of “ scientific toys,” such as the microscope or spectroscope, that a 
reminder of what the world owes to the scientific recluse, is natu- 
rally suggested. 
In some remarks on “ Apicultural Progress” Mr. Elisha Gallup, 
contrasting the abundant bee literature of the present year with the 
dearth of bee books in 1846, says “we now have three monthly 
journals: the American Bee Journal, the Illustrated Bee Journal, 
the Bee Keepers’ Journal, the Annals of Bee Culture [under -re- 
view]; while there is “ scarcely an agricultural paper of any note 
in the land, that has not its bee department, and all are edited with 
truthfulness and ability.” Mr. Charles Dadant in a ‘Glance at 
European Bee Culture,” after reviewing its progress in France, 
Italy and Switzerland, says: “ As for Germany, it would take a 
book to record all the improvements, inventions and discoveries 
made in that country in the last fifteen years; suffice it to say, 
that in 1868, there appeared four hundred and twelve publications 
on bee culture in Germany. This would show that Germany is ` 
now the most advanced country in Europe in theoretical bee cul- 
ture; but in practical bee culture, it is safe to say that Young 
America is ahead of all.” a 
Regarding the enemies of the bee, other than insects, Professor 
A. J. Cook says : — 
cious gourmands. 
“ But some of our readers have been thinking of, and fearing toads 
ever since commencing to read this article. Now, as we cil 
firm friendship for the toad, loving to watch him in our room an 
