266 THE ANCIENT INDIAN POTTERY OF MARAJO, BRAZIL. 
and forehead, and in the figures on the back of the head. All 
these are so well shown in the engravings as to need no descrip- 
tion. The form of the mouth is peculiar. This figure was made 
in the same way as the last described, being built up from be- 
low, the top of the head being the last part formed. Instead of 
heavy, irregular layers of clay seen in the inside of fig. 68, the 
inside of this head shows fashioning by the aid of a narrow, flat- 
pointed instrument of wood or bone, which was introduced from 
above and before the head was finished, and turned round and 
round leaving shallow, irregularly concentric furrows, which ex- 
tend nearly to the top. The outside was moulded so as to give 
the transverse crest, the brows, nose, eyes and mouth prominence. 
The surface then received a re 
wash. After this the ornaments 
were left in relief by the cutting 
down of the surface. The prin- 
cipal tool used had a narrow, 
chisel-like edge, slightly hollowed, , 
which left a little elevation run- 
ning along the middle of the 
groove cut by it. This instru- 
ment, I believe to have been the 
tooth of some rodent. The marks 
it made are very distinct, but it 
has been difficult to represent 
them satisfactorily in the engrav- 
ings. It is hardly necessary to 
add, that all the features and the 
ornaments in relief are red, while 
the background is the color of the light, unpainted clay. A frag- 
ment of the body below the neck is preserved, showing part of a 
red figure in relief, so that, without doubt, the whole idol was or- 
namented in the same general style as the head. The height of 
this specimen is four and a half, and the breadth four inches. 
The ornamentation of the head just described might be re- 
garded as capricious, were it not for the occurrence in the collec- 
tion of the head of another idol (Figs. 70 and 71), which resem- 
bles it very closely. This last has not only the same shape of 
head, but the same pattern of ornamentation, though the latter is 
expressed in a more simple manner. There are, besides the same 
Fig. 70. * 
Head of Idol, Marajo. Front view. 
