392 RANGE OF AMERICAN MAMMALS. 
The first known to have been brought here, was by a colony of 
Northmen, in 1023, who settled in a portion of New England 
which they called Vineland; they brought with them a variety of 
stock, but as the colony afterwards broke up and returned to Ice- 
land, and none of the subsequent settlers have ever seen any- 
thing like our domestic animals, it is to be presumed that they 
were destroyed. Columbus, in his second voyage 1493, brought to 
the islands horses and other domestic animals. ‘The first horses — 
brought to the mainland, were those brought to Florida in 1527, by 
Cabeca de Vaca, forty-two in number, but these all perished. The 
next were three hundred and fifty horses landed by De Soto on the 
25th of May, 1539, on the coast of Florida, at the bay of Spiritu 
Sancto 
In 1604 L’Escarbot, a French lawyer, brought horses and other 
domestic cattle into Acadia; they were the Norman and Breton 
reeds. 
In 1609 six mares and a horse were brought to Jamestown. 
In 1629 horses were brought to Massachusetts from England. 
In 1625 New Amsterdam received some Dutch horses. 
The animals thus imported increased very rapidly, for Gent, who 
wrote in 1655, says “ In the island of Hispaniola and (’tis likewise 
the same in many parts of the Continent, and other islands beside), _ 
there are many thousands of cattle that live wild in herds upon 
the mountains having no certain owners, so that it is free for any 
one to kill them that will, and thousands of them are every year 
killed only for their hides and tallow, and yet it is strange to con- 
sider what great multitudes of them are in private men’s posses- 
sion. The Bishop of Venezuela only is said to have had at one 
time sixteen thousand head of cattle feeding upon his own pam: 
tures.” 
In the year 1587 there came from St. Dominique thirty-five thou- 
sand four hundred and forty-four hides, and from New Spain sixty- 
four thousand three hundred and fifty. At this time it was said 
that in the islands of Hispaniola, Jamaica, Marguerita and Domin- 
ica ‘there were so great troops of horses, oxen, kine, dogs, and 
hoggs which have increased to such an extent that any one may- 
kill them, the dogs have so increased that they travel in e 
and kill many cattle.” 
These few facts from history will show how entire races of an- 
imals can be swept from the earth to be replaced by others. 
