NUMERIC RELATIONS OF THE VERTEBRATE SYSTEM. 559 
tion of the Indiana ‘‘Block Coals.” He believed they would become 
sources of vast wealth. But his friend Prof. Cox must not be sure other 
states would not furnish the same quality of coal. 
Ie ha for many years burned a coal which is so much like Indiana 
Block Coal, that Prof. Cox himself could not distinguish them 
But no opportunity had been offered for publishing the reati of the 
Missouri Survey. 
Numeric RELATIONS OF THE VERTEBRATE System.—By Dr. T. 
C. HILGARD. 
THERE are five (not four only) complete neural rib arches to the 
cranium of all vertebrate animals, to wit: (1) The condylar or 
sensitive belt with the condyle plates for side ribs and the lower 
arch of the transversely bipartite occiput for its vault piece; (2) 
the petrosal or acoustic, containing the auditory nerves in its side 
beams (easily detected by removing the ear drum of Felines, 
etc.), and overarched by the anterior belt of the occipital squama ; 
(3) the parietal belt originally containing the true gustative nerve 
of fixed tastes (sour, sweet, salt and bitter, the glosso-pha- 
ryngeal), in an incision; from which it is, however, soon crowded 
out by the internal carotid artery and the overlapping ‘acoustic 
rib blade.” The next (4) is the optic or frontal, visibly succeeded, 
in fishes, by (5) the ethmoidal or olfactory vertebra. The rest of 
the cranium is formed by its “extremities” or prehensile appen- 
dages. 
The same numeric law which pervades the entire vegetable king- 
dom reoccurs in the human fabric in a very marked manner. 
The number of “radiating elements” in a coil or whorl, or of 
whorls in a cycle, or in cycles generally speaking, as in pine cones 
and flower buds, etc., are the following: 
1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 138, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, etc., progressing by the 
summation of the last two numbers. 
The bands or parallel coils of flowers or scales in pine cones, 
sunflower discs, ete., embody these numbers successively, as they 
grow steeper and steeper, alternately on the right and left. The 
vertical bands, or columns, give the number of parts of the cycles 
involved. 
The explanation heretofore given by me is this, that one element 
generates the other. 
e elements are radiai; they are bilateral rays, with a rift, so 
to speak, on the opposite side. It is there, where, in a like manner 
