568 ORGANIC IDENTITY OF THE ALBUMEN 
were probably leptiform, and the eruciform condition is conse- 
quently an acquired one, as suggested by Fritz Miller.* His sug- 
gestion, followed up by Brauer, that the insects have descended 
from some zoea does not seem of much value, as the leptiform 
larva more exactly parallels the nauplius of the lowest Entomos- 
traca (Copepoda). We have already suggested that the Insects 
and Crustacea probably arose by two distinct lines of develop- 
ment from the worms, rather than that the Nauplius gave rise to 
the Insects, as Miiller has suggested ; an important reason for this 
view being that the three pairs of appendages of the Nauplius do 
not homologize with the distinct cephalic and three thoracic ap- 
pendages of the Leptus. 
Tae ORGANIC IDENTITY or THE ALBUMEN AND ENDOPLEURA OF 
ALL THE PHANEROGAM&.— By T. C. Hirearp, M. D. 
ALL seeds of the flowering plants (the net-leaved, blade-leaved 
and the pine tribes) are collectively described as consisting of a 
germ or “embryo,” enclosed within two separate seed-coats. 
A great many seeds, like those of the mustard, nasturtium, 
buck-eye, bladder-nut, the ailanthus, sumach, china-tree, orange, 
camellia; the gum-pod (“gumbo”), hibiscus, the cocoa-bean, 
almond, pea and rose-tribes, the brazil-nut, walnut, chestnut; 
the cockle-bur, sun-flower and melon all conform to this descrip- 
tion, and the natural tribes to which they belong form a connected 
region of the flowering plants generally speaking. 
It is likewise understood that a great many seeds have their 
germ proper imbedded in a bulky, nutritive lump called the ‘ albu- 
men”; which thus forms the main bulk of the seed, e. g. of the 
ivory-nut, the date-kernel,’ the cocoa-nut, the pepper, paw-paw 
and nutmeg, and all the grains no less than the well known 
coffee-bean. In water, the latter will swell and protrude its stub- 
ble-like embryo out of one end of its horny, enveloping mass, Or 
“ albumen.” 
It has, however, hitherto remained an unnoticed fact that all 
seeds which have two so-called seed-coats, are all alike destitute of 
Pieters. esi as: ee 
ig “Tt is my opinion that the ‘incomplete metamorphosis’ of the Orthoptera iè the 
pane tae inherited from the original parents of all insects, and the ‘complete 
amorphosis’ of the Coleoptera, Diptera etc 3 ired dne. ”— Für 
Darwin. Eng. Trans: p.121. » Miptera, etc., a subsequently acquir 
Seas 
