REVIEWS. 707 
bearings of these facts on the relations of man to the apes we 
quote as follows : — 
“ From a comparison of the skeleton of the human races, as far 
as made, it is quite clear that in several respects some of them 
have peculiarities which seem to assimulate them to the apes. 
These peculiarities are not, however, confined to a single race, but 
resemblances, and a wider distribution of them, than is n 
known. The increased length of the forearm, as compared with 
the humerus, is almost equally shared by the blacks and the re- 
cent Indians. The Indians, from the mounds of various parts of 
the country, as well as the inhabitants of the ancient cave dwell- 
ings of Europe, have the flattened tibia. The Indians, ancient as 
well as modern, in common with the Hawaiian Islanders, have the 
most backward position of the foramen magnum, while the Negro, 
on the other hand, with his lengthened forearm, has this foramen 
almost as central as in the white man. The small brain is not, as 
might at first well be supposed to be the case, found in the most 
degraded races alone, but in these, in common with a race which 
had, as already stated, risen to a semi-civilization ; nor is it con- 
stantly associated with the lengthened forearm, since in the Aus- 
tralians this is even shorter than in the white man. From these 
results it seems obvious that we cannot give to the alleged resem- 
blances between the human races and the apes their full meaning, 
until we have much wider comparisons than have as yet been 
made.” 
Tue Position or THE Cappis Frres.* —This paper, containing 
detailed descriptions with excellent illustrations, may be regarded, 
as the author remarks, as the continuation of several memoirs on 
exotic Trichoptera published in the « Transactions” of the Ento- 
mological Society of London. Quite a number of the species are 
from California, one is from the White Mountains, another from 
Newfoundland, another from New York, while the remainder are 
from other parts of the world. The descriptions of genera and 
species are elaborated with the author's usual care and thorough- 
ness, and great attention is paid to the illustration of details of 
structure, which gives the paper a lasting value. 
We are also indebted to the author for his views on the system- 
atic position of the Trichoptera, and for a very courteous criti- 
*On new Forms, etc., of Extra-European Trichopterous Insects. By Robert McLach- 
lan. Extracted from the Linnzan Society’s Journal.—Zoology. Vol. xi. London, 
1871. 8vo. pp. 43, with3 plates. 
AMER. NATURALIST, VOL. V- 45 
