782 NATURAL HISTORY MISCELLANY. 
fibro-vascular bundles ; but their growth results from the develop- 
ment, within the stem, of a vascular woody cylinder, which grew 
thicker year by year, suċh thickenings being the result of addi- 
tions to the exterior of the previous growth. Professor William- 
son’s theory was, however, sharply contested by Mr. Carruthers 
and Professors NcNab and Dyer, who adhered to the old view of 
the essential identity of structure of all woody cryptogamous 
stems.— A. W. B. 
SUPPOSED VEGETABLE Fosstrs.— At a recent meeting of the 
Geological Society of London, Mr. W. Carruthers enumerated a 
number of bodies which he believes to have been erroneously 
described as vegetable fossils. Among these are dendritic mark- 
ings which have been treated as foliage; two genera and three 
species of supposed fossil fruits which are really impressions of 
air-bubbles in moist clay ; reptilian eggs in the Stonefield Slate 
and Wealden of the Isle of Wight which have been considered to 
be fruits; and the curious prehensile hooklets, arranged in rows 
on the arms of a calamary, found fossil in the lithographic stone 
of Solenhofen, which have been figured and described by Count 
Sternberg as a fossil vegetable. — A. W. B 
Tue GroLocy or tHe Warre Mounraixs.—The geology of 
these mountains is most intricate. It is not known whether its 
granite and slate rocks are of Laurentian, Silurian, or Devonian 
age alone, or whether all of these formations may not be repre- 
sented. Prof. C. H. Hitchcock, the state geologist of New Hamp- 
shire, has made the interesting discovery of upper Silurian corals 
in Littleton, N. H. The limestone containing these corals has — 
been traced for about three miles, and appears to be overlaid by 4 
clay slate, containing a few worm trails. The limestone rock 
appears identical, as we learn from the ‘‘ American Journal of 
Science,” with that cropping out upon Lake Memphremagog. 
ORIGIN or OCEAN Currents.—It seems that the views of ocean 
currents advocated by Prof. Carpenter were first recognized by 
Prof. J. D. Dana, in 1852, in the reports of ‘‘Wilkes’s Exploring 
Expedition” and the “ American Journal of Science.” Prof. Dana 
remarks that facts elicited by Carpenter from deep sea explora- 
tions “remove all remaining doubt with regard to the universality 
of the movement and the oneness of the system. At the same 
