n8 W. A. SANDS 



Rudolph), paratype $ imagos, T. thermarum Fuller, B.M.(N.H.) (Holotype and 

 other paratypes in N.C.I. , Pretoria.) 



Other Material. Republic of Congo : 13km. W. of Brazzaville, 8.VL1948, 2 

 vials (A. E. Emerson), A.M.N.H. 



Congo : Luluabourg, no date (P. Callewaert) ; Mukimbungu, 1904 (K. E. 

 Laman) ; Boma, 4.XL1913 (Styckzynski) ; Thysville, i.vi.1915 (H. Lang, J. P. 

 Chapin) ; also 3.VL1915, 2 vials, and Matadi, 18.vi.1915 (/. Bequaert) ; Boma, 

 10-12. viii. 1920, 4 vials, and Moanda, viii.1920 (H. Schouteden) ; Gihinga, i4.viii. 

 1941 (H. Bredo) ; Sona Mpangu, 10-12. iv. 1948, 7 vials, and 18 km. S. of Leopold- 

 ville, 9.VL1948 (A. E. Emerson), all in A.M.N.H. 



Angola : St. Antonio, viii.1915 (H. Lang, J. P. Chapin), A.M.N.H. ; Porto 

 Alexandre, 1954 (/. Balfour-Browne) . 



Northern Rhodesia : Lake Mweru, Masenka Flats, 8. viii. 1942 (H. Bredo), 

 A.M.N.H. ; Abercorn, hi. 1947, and xi.-xii.1948, 6 vials (P. E. Glover). 



Southern Rhodesia : Salisbury, no date (W. Barbrook) ; ditto, 191 1 (G. A. K. 

 Marshall) ; Worldsview, 1920 (C. W. Mally) ; Concession, 20. v. 1927 (R. Jack). 



Bechuanaland : Topsi, 11.ii.1921 (C. E. Godman) ; Tsukutsa Pan, 3. viii. 1924 

 (C. W. Mally) ; Tsotsoroga Pan, viii. 1930, and Makarikari Pan, 5. viii. 1930 (H. 

 Lang), A.M.N.H. ; Gantsena Pan, 1955, and 60m. S. of Ghanzi, viii. 1955 (R. Story). 



Republic of South Africa : Cape Province ; Taungs, 3.x. 1956, Barkly West, 

 4.x. 1956 (W. G. H. Coaton). Transvaal ; Potgeitersrust, 17.ix.1918, and Letaba, 

 20.ix.1918 (C. Fuller) ; Waterberg, 25. ix. 1957, and Soutpansburg, 11. x. i960 

 (W. G. H. Coaton) ; Soutpansburg, i.i.1960, Waterberg, 6.1.1960, and Marico, 

 9.1.1960, 2 vials (P. C. Joubert) ; Rustenburg, 4.X.1961 (G. F. Pretorius). 



A total of 64 nest series were examined and all material is in the British Museum 

 (Natural History) unless otherwise stated. 



The distribution range of T. rhodesiensis overlaps to a limited extent with its 

 sibling congener, T. rapulum, in Southern Rhodesia and the Transvaal. T. rhodesiensis 

 covers the Brachystegia-Julbernardia savannah woodland and the other savannah 

 gradations to semi-desert, from the southern border of the Congo forest southwards 

 to the beginnings of the Karroo, Macchia, and temperate grasslands of the Cape. 

 The East-West barrier separating the species from the Zambesi northwards appears 

 to approximate to the Great Rift Valley. A few of the most South- Western records 

 are from areas mapped by Keay et al., (1959) as desert, but these are near the Orange 

 River and it is presumed that the conditions are locally subdesert, and that full 

 desert would constitute an ecological barrier. The distribution of T. rhodesiensis to 

 the south of the Congo Rain forest approximates in climatic and vegetation range 

 to that of T. oeconomus (Trag.) to the north. 



