OF THE FAMILY COCCIDAE 



43 



(average 2136) y. ; width at mesothorax 415-480 (average 445) jx. Wing expanse 3870-4190 

 (average 4072) jx. 



Head subcorneal in dorsal view ; in lateral view dorsoventrally elongated, with the antero- 

 dorsal bulge not pronounced ; length from apex to pronotal ridge 251-293 (average 269) [x, 

 width across genae 251-289 (average 274) p.. Median crest sclerotized, with a small area near 

 posterior margin more heavily sclerotized ; weakly polygonally reticulated ; with 8-12 

 (average 10) hair-like dorsal head setae, of which 3 -5 are situated posterior and 4-8 anterior to the 

 level of the dorsal eyes. Midcranial ridge dorsally represented by a weak ridge which usually 

 extends posteriorly to the posterior level of the eyes ; ventrally narrow but well defined, 

 reaching ocular sclerite posteriorly, with surrounding area showing weak polygonal reticulation 

 posteriorly. Genae large, sclerotized, not reticulated, without setae. Eyes : three pairs ; 

 dorsal and ventral pairs subequal, lateral pair smaller ; corneae of dorsal eyes 22-30 (average 

 27) jx in diameter and 2-3-3-8 (average 2-9) times as much apart ; those of the ventral eyes 

 21-30 (average 26) |x in diameter and 1-1-2-2 (average 1 5) times as much apart. Ocellus small. 

 Ocular sclerite well sclerotized except between the ventral eyes, where the cuticle is produced 

 into a keel ; polygonally reticulated throughout. Preocular ridge long, ventrally extending 

 half-way or more of the distance between the articular process and the midcranial ridge. 

 Postocular ridge very weak dorsally, well developed latero-ventrallv, and tapering but well 

 defined posteromedian y ; below ocellus the ridge usually splits up, with the anterior branch 

 partly surrounding ocellus. Interocnlar ridge absent. Dorsal ocular setae absent ; ventral head 

 setae : 2-4 h.s., situated immediately anterior to ocular sclerite, on each side of midcranial 

 ridge. Preoral ridge present. Tendon-like apodeme long. Cranial apophysis medium-sized ; 

 apex bifurcate, extending to around the level of posterior margin of ventral eyes. Mouth 

 opening irregular. Anterior tentorial pits absent. 



Antennae 10-segmented, filiform ; 927-1087 (average 1025) [x long, i.e. shorter than half body 

 length (ratio 1 : 2-02-2-13, average 2-09), slightly longer than posterior leg (ratio 1 : 1-04- 

 1 14, average 1 07) and longer than penial sheath (ratio 1 : 1-55-1-71, average 1-64). Scape 

 53-68 (average 60) jx long and 46-55 (average 51) |x wide, with 3-4 (average 3-2) h.s., area of 

 sclerotization reduced ventrally. Pedicel with distinct, polygonal, dorsal reticulation ; 55-68 

 (average 59) u. long and 42-51 (average 47) jx wide ; with 0-3 (average 21) f.s., 1-3 (average 

 2-5) h.s. and a sensillum placodeum. Segment III somewhat club-shaped, 2-5-30 (average 2-7) 

 times longer than wide (80-95, average 90 |x long and 30-36, average 34 \x wide) ; with 2-6 

 (average 4) h.s. and 12-22 (average 15) f.s., the latter of medium length, 1-3-1-8 (average 1-5) 

 times longer than width of segment ; with 1 or 2 usual sensilla basiconica. Segments IV— IX 

 cylindrical ; lengths of these segments (in jx) 80-95 (average 90), 103-144 (average 124), 

 133-171 (average 153), 137-178 (average 160), 103-133 (average 124), 87-106 (average 98) and 

 76-91 (average 84) respectively, all of about the same width, varying from 23 to 30 |x ; with 

 20-34 (average 24), 27-36 (average 32), 27-44 (average 35), 25-41 (average 30), 21-31 (average 

 25) and 19-30 (average 23) f.s. respectively, but no h.s. ; antennal bristles on segments VIII-IX 

 somewhat larger than f.s. Segment X : terminal part not constricted ; 68-82 (average 74) jx 

 long and 23-29 (average 26) jx wide ; carrying 8-13 (average n) f.s., 3 capitate subapical setae 

 and 5 antennal bristles of which the 3 long ones are about f as long as the segment and the 2 

 shorter ones about as long as the f.s., though somewhat thicker ; with 2 sensilla basiconica 

 ventrally, one near apex and the other more proximal. 



Fig. 5. Xemolecanium abietis Borchs., lateral view. 



