01 THE FAMILY COCCIDAE 83 



Prothorax. Pronotal ridge strong, but medially interrupted by weak sclerotization. Lateral 

 pronotal sclerites small, with an occasional f.s. occurring on or immediately behind them. 

 Medial pronotal setae rarely present, pores absent. Posttergites small, without wavy striations 

 and without setae. Pleural structures typical of the family. Sternum with strong transverse 

 ridge, usually somewhat narrowed medially ; median ridge sometimes complete but usually 

 interrupted ; triangular sclerite well sclerotized. A nteprosternal setae absent ; prosternal setae 

 consisting of 0-2 (average 07) f.s. occurring medially around anterior part of sternum. 



Mesothorax. Mesoprephragma without emargination. Prescutum about ii times as wide as 

 long (average 125 and 81 (x respectively) ; anterior margin curved ; laterally bounded by the 

 prescutal ridges and posteriorly by the prescutal suture ; slightly more heavily sclerotized 

 medially but not reticulated. Scutum. Median membranoits area without reticulation ; 

 subrectangular, 61-72 (average 64) (i. long and 1-47-2-00 (average 1-71) times as wide (width 

 99-122, average 109 u-) ; with 2-10 (average 6) h.s. Anterior arms of scutum not reticulated. 

 Scutellum 42-49 (average 45) \i long and 1 14-129 (average 122) u. wide, the ratio being 

 1 : 2-5-3-0 (average 27) ; tubular, with ventral foramen of medium size ; setae absent. 

 Postnotum with the anterior margin irregular, weakly sclerotized and not overlapped by meta- 

 thoracic fold ; postnotal apophysis and postalare well developed, the latter densely reticulated 

 distally. Mesopostphragrna with shallow emargination. Mesopleuron. Mesopleural ridge 

 strong, but becoming weaker immediately above coxal articulation ; pleural apophysis and 

 pleural wing process well developed, the latter connected with episternum by a narrow basalare. 

 Subalare small. Episternum without polygonal reticulation ; subepisternal ridge becoming 

 broader ventrally, but below the membranous cleft indistinct and only marked by a band of 

 dark sclerotization. Epimeron very small. Lateropleurite partly bounded anteriorly by an 

 extension from marginal ridge. Basis ternum large, about 171 [i wide and 128 u. long, i.e. 

 1-74-2-19 (average 2-01) times longer than membranous area of scutum ; median ridge some- 

 times complete but usually interrupted, the combined length of the vestiges more than halt 

 the length of the basisternum ; marginal and precoxal ridges well developed ; without setae. 

 h'urca well developed. Mesothoracic spiracle with well developed peritreme ; postmesospiraculai 

 setae absent. Tegula small, its membranous bulge with a small weak sclerite posteriorly and 

 with 2-6 (average 3-6) h.s. Third axillary wing sclerite with small, rounded ventral projection 

 at its base. Additional sclerite well sclerotized. Antemetaspiracular setae absent. 



Metathorax. Metanotum with posterior margin thick and well developed throughout ; 

 suspensorial sclerites absent ; a small sclerite sometimes present on each side anterior to post- 

 notum. Postnotum consisting of a large, subtriangular sclerite on each side. Metatergal setae : 

 one h.s. on each side. Pleural ridge considerably reduced, extending only a short distance above 

 coxal articulation. Episternum reduced to a small subtriangular plate ; epimeron produced 

 posteriorly. Metathoracic spiracle similar to mesothoracic one. Dorsospiracular setae absent. 

 Postmetaspiracular setae : 8-1 1 (average 92) f.s. and 0-1 (average 03) h.s. Metasternal plate 

 transverse, irregular ; no sclerotization present in the area anterior to sternum. Anterior and 

 posterior metasternal setae : 8-17 (average 13) and 7-15 (average 10) f.s. respectively. 



Wings hyaline; long (1240-1320, average 1280 pi) and narrow (width 400-460, average 422 u.), 

 the ratio being 1 : 2-87-3-15 (average 3-04) ; alar lobe and alar setae absent. Halteres absent. 



Legs short and moderately slender, with fore legs the longest and either middle or hind legs 

 shortest ; ratio length of hind leg to body length is 1 : 1-98-2-12 (average 2-05). Length of 

 segments (in y.) : 



Leg 



Coxa 



Trochanter 



Femur 



Tibia 



Tarsus 



Claw 



Total 



I 



53-68 



76-84 



186-194 



258-293 



no- 125 



29-34 



726-775 





(62) 



(80) 



(i9o) 



(277) 



("4)" 



(32) 



(754) 



II 



61-68 



72-80 



171-190 



251-274 



106-122 



27-32 



695-751 





(62) 



(76) 



(180) 



(262) 



(in) 



(29) 



(720) 



III 



61-68 



72-78 



167-186 



251-274 



99-108 



30-32 



686-731 





(64) 



(75) 



(177) 



(265) 



(104) 



(3i) 



(7i4) 



