94 



MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY OF ADULT MALES 



12) f.s. between and behind the eyes. Preoral ridge present. Tendon-like apodeme long, 

 Cranial apophysis long ; apex deeply bifurcate, extending to around anterior level of ventral 

 eyes. Mouth opening irregular. Anterior tentorial pits absent. 



Antennae 10-segmented, filiform ; 576-732 (average 663) [x long, i.e. shorter than half body 

 length (ratio 1 : 2-01-2-63, average 226), shorter than posterior leg (ratio 1 : 0-58-0-74, average 

 0-69) and longer than penial sheath (ratio 1 : 2-10-2-43, average 2-27). Scape 38-46 (average 

 43) \l long and 27-31 (average 30) jx wide, with 3-4 (average 3-1) h.s. Pedicel with wavy stria- 

 tion dorsally ; 46-53 (average 50) ;x long and 27-33 (average 31) [x wide ; with 6-13 (average 

 9-7) f.s., 2-7 (average 4-2) h.s. and a sensillum placodeum. Segment III somewhat club-shaped, 

 3-0-3-7 (average 3-3) times longer than wide (57-72, average 60 \x long and 19-21, average 20 \i 

 wide) ; with 10-13 (average 11) f.s. of medium length, 1-3-1-8 (average 1-5) times longer than 

 width of segment ; with 1-3 usual sensilla basiconica. Segments IV-IX cylindrical ; lengths 

 of these segments (in [x) 84-103 (average 95), 68-91 (average 81), 49-76 (average 67), 68-84 

 (average 75), 53-76 (average 62) and 55-68 (average 60) respectively, widths varying from 15 

 to 21 |x, with distal segments slightly wider than proximal ones ; with 20—25 (average 22), 

 18-25 (average 22), 12-23 (average 18), 19-23 (average 20), 15-21 (average 18) and 13-20 

 (average 17) f.s. respectively, but no h.s. ; antennal bristles on segments VIII— IX distinctly 

 larger than f.s. Segment X : terminal £-J constricted ; 57-78 (average 69) jx long and 49-55 

 (average 52) [x wide (near base) ; carrying 6-9 (average 7-5) f.s., 3 capitate subapical setae and 

 5 antennal bristles of which the 3 long ones are about as long as the segment and the 2 short ones 

 about half as long as the f.s. ; with 2 sensilla basiconica ventrally, one near apex and the other 

 more proximal. 



Thorax 448-540 (average 516) \l long. 



Prothorax . Pronotal ridge strong, but medially interrupted by weak sclerotization. Lateral 

 pronotal sclerites small, without setae. Medial pronotal setae : 2 h.s., widely separated, with 

 0-1 (average 04) circular pores near each. Post-tergites relatively large, with irregular wavy 

 striations and with 4-13 (average 8-3) fleshy post-tergital setae occurring onor behind the sclerite 

 on each side. Pleural structures typical of the family. Sternum with strong transverse and 

 median ridges and a small oval sclerite ; the area on each side of the median ridge showing 

 distinct polygonal reticulation. Anteprosternal setae : 1-4 (average 3-2) f.s. on each side ; 

 prosternal setae : 29-37 (average 33) f.s., scattered over the sternal area and spreading into the 

 area anterior to the spiracles, and usually with one h.s. (0-2, average 0-9) on each side of median 

 ridge. 



Mesothorax. Mesoprephragma with deep emargination. Prescutum about twice as wide as 

 long (average 159 and 83 jx respectively) ; anterior margin strongly curved ; laterally bounded 

 by the prescutal ridges and posteriorly by the prescutal suture ; slightly more heavily sclerotized 

 medially ; with dense irregular reticulation. Scutum. Median membranous area subrectan- 

 gular, 99-125 (average 116) (x long and 1-23-1-37 (average 1-30) times as wide (width 135-160, 

 average 146 jx) ; with 10-32 (average 24) f.s. and 11-15 (average 13) h.s. Scutellum 34-42 

 (average 38) jx long and 141-160 (average 154) [x wide, ratio being 1 : 3-8-4-2 (average 4) ; 

 tubular, with a small ventral foramen ; setae absent. Postnotum with anterior margin weakly 



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Fig. 32. Coccus hesperidum L., lateral view. 



