OF THE FAMILY COCCIDAE 



119 



5-9 (average 7-1) between and behind the eyes. Preoral ridge present. Tendon-like apodeme 

 long. Cranial apophysis of medium length ; apex deeply bifurcate, extending to around level 

 of posterior margin of ventral eyes. Mouth opening irregular. Anterior tentorial pits absent. 



Antennae 10-segmented, filiform ; 541-673 (average 622) \i long, i.e. shorter than half body 

 length (ratio 1 : 2-39-2-54, average 2-46), shorter than posterior leg (ratio 1 : 0-68-0-74, 

 average 071) and longer than penial sheath (ratio 1 : 1-43-1-64, average 1-55). Scape 38-42 

 (average 40) (x long and 34-40 (average 37) jx wide, with 3 h.s. Pedicel with distinct, polygonal, 

 dorsal reticulation ; 48-53 (average 50) u. long and 27-30 (average 29) u. wide ; with 6-8 

 (average 71) f.s., 3-5 (average 4-3) h.s. and a sensillum placodeum. Segment III somewhat 

 club-shaped, 2-2-2-8 (average 2-5) times longer than wide (44-53, average 49 u. long and 19-23, 

 average 20 jj. wide) ; with 4-8 (average 6-2) f.s. of medium length, 1-0-1-4 times longer than 

 width of segment ; with 1-4 usual sensilla basiconica. Segments IV-IX cylindrical ; length of 

 these segments (in \i) 80-103 (average 90), 68-89 (average 78), 46-65 (average 57), 60-76 

 (average 65), 53-63 (average 58) and 46-57 (average 52) respectively, widths varying from 15 to 

 23 [i, with distal segments slightly wider than proximal ones ; with 11-19 (average 15), 13-22 

 (average 17), 9-17 (average 13), 12-20 (average 15), 12-14 (average 13), 11-15 (average 13) f.s. 

 respectively, but no h.s. ; antennal bristles on segments VIII— IX distinctly larger than f.s. 

 Segment X : terminal $ constricted ; 74-93 (average 82) \x long and 20-23 (average 21) \l wide 

 (near base) ; carrying 5-7 (average 5-8) f.s., 3 capitate subapical setae and 5 antennal bristles of 

 which the 3 long ones are about as long as the segment and the 2 shorter ones about as long as 

 the f.s. (but stouter) ; with 2 sensilla basiconica ventrally, one near apex and the other more 

 proximal. 



Thorax 498-555 (average 540) ji. long. 



Prothorax. Pronotal ridge strong, but medially interrupted by weak sclerotization. Lateral 

 pronotal sclerites small, without setae. Medial pronotal setae : occasionally one f.s. present 

 behind pronotal sclerite. Post-tergites relatively large, with irregular striations and without 

 setae. Pleural structures typical of family. Sternum with strong transverse ridge, median ridge 

 represented by a weak basal stalk, and triangular sclerite narrow and very weakly sclerotized. 

 Anteprosternal setae : 2-7 (average 43) f.s. on each side, with usually one f.s. situated dorsal to 

 proepisternum + cervical sclerite ; prosternal setae : 27-39 (average 32) f.s., scattered over the 

 sternal area and often spreading into the area anterior to the spiracles. 



Mesothorax. Mesoprephragma with moderately deep emargination. Prescutum more than 

 twice as wide as long (average 197 and 85 [i respectively) ; anterior margin curved ; laterally 

 bounded by the prescutal ridges and posteriorly by the prescutal suture ; medially with slightly- 

 more heavy sclerotization becoming ridge-like anteroventrally ; with distinct polygonal reticul- 

 tion. Scutum. Median membranous area subrectangular ; 99-112 (average 103) [i long and 

 1-69-1-94 (average 1 -8o) times as wide (width 175-199, average 188 jz) ; with 10-20 (average 

 14) f.s. and 4-14 (average 10) h.s. Scutellum 53-65 (average 60) [i long and 190-209 (average 

 200) (i. wide, the ratio being 1 : 3-0-3-8 (average 3-4) ; tubular, with small ventral foramen ; 

 without setae. Postnotum reticulated, with anterior margin irregular and exposed ; postnotal 

 apophysis and postalare well developed, the latter densely reticulated distally and with 1-3 



Fig. 42. Ceroplastes berliniae Hall, lateral view; also referable for lateral view of Ceroplastes sp. 



