GENERA OF AFRICAN LYCAENIDAE 



257 



club flattened, well differentiated ; thorax clothed below with long white silky hair ; legs : 

 o" fore leg, tibia shorter than the femur, tarsus unsegmented. 



Wing shape. Fore wing subtriangular, costa evenly convex, apex rounded, outer margin 

 convex, hind wing oval, no tail, anal angle obtuse. 



Wing venation (Text-fig. 344) (see alsoChapman, 1910, Trans, cut. Soc. Lond. 43, pi., 54, fig. 14) : 

 fore wing with 11 veins, 11 fused with 12 for part of its length. 



Male genitalia (Text-fig. 222) (see also Chapman, iyio, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 43, pi. 55, fig. 20 

 and pi. 56, fig. 24). Uncus composed of two small lobes fused to the tegumen on either side 

 of the median depression in its posterior edge, subunci long, slender, curved, tapering gradually 

 to the apex which is not hooked ; tegumen large, the median band strongly sclerotized on its 

 anterior and posterior edges ; vinculum broad ; lower fultura formed of two robust arms 

 fused to the base of the valves ; valves fused together for the first 'quarter of their length, 

 oblong, apices strongly serrate and truncate at right angles to the axis of the valves ; penis 

 shaped like an elongated flask ending in a long fine spine ; vesica with numerous cornuti ; 

 uncus clothed with fine hair ; thick still hair on the lower borders of the valves, especially 

 near their bases, the distal portions more sparsely clothed with shorter weaker hair. 



The male genitalia of knysna (Text-fig. 223) (see also Chapman, 1910, pi. 56, figs 

 22, 23) differ from those of karsandra solely by the shape of the valves, which are 

 slightly wider and whose serrated apex is obliquely truncate. Steven Corbet {in 

 litt.) considered karsandra and knysna as a collective species, karsandra inhabiting 

 the eastern region (N.E. Arabia, Palestine, Egypt, E. Algeria and Sudan), knysna 

 the western and southern regions (Spain, Canary Islands, Morocco, W. Algeria, 

 S. Arabia, Sudan and tropical Africa down to S. Africa, Madagascar and Mauritius). 



However the two species (or subspecies) have never been captured together and 

 no specimens are known in which the valves have an intermediate shape. 



The early stages of knysna have been described by Dickson (1944, /. ent. Soc. sth. 

 Afr. 7 : 96). The caterpillar feeds on a species of Euphorbia. According to Pinhey 

 (1945 : 121) in Rhodesia it feeds on Oxalis, Zornia, Medicago, Euphorbia and 

 Amaranthus. 



Fig. 223. Zizeeria knysna (Trimen), o* genitalia. 



