GENERIC NAMES OF BUTTERFLIES 59 



of these dates lies in the fact that only the two species shown on the plate are eligible for 

 selection by a later author. Scudder (1875), when fixing the type-species of new genera 

 introduced in the Gen. diurn. Lep., ignored the plates (the dates of publication were then 

 unknown and assumed to be the same as those of the corresponding text). In the present 

 case no harm resulted because the species selected by Scudder was fortunately one of the two 

 cited on the earlier-published plate (pi. 72), and the selection so made is therefore perfectly 

 valid. 



The nominal species Aricoris tisiphone Westwood is currently treated subjectively on 

 taxonomic grounds as representing the same taxon as that represented by the older-established 

 nominal species Erycina turana Godart, [1824] (Ency. mith. 9 (Ins.) (2) : 577). 

 ARISBA Doubleday, 1847, List. Spec. lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. 2 : 1 1. Type-species by monotypy : 



Papilio agacles Dalman, 1823, Analecta ent. : 47. 

 ARISBE Hiibner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (6) : 89. Type-species through Section (a) 

 (misidentified type-species) of Article 70, provisionally applied, pending a decision by the 

 International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature on an application submitted : Papilio 

 leonidas Fabricius, 1793, Ent. syst. 3 (1) : 35. 



Hiibner placed two nominal species in this genus, and of these Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. 

 Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 121) selected the first to be the type-species. It has long been 

 agreed by all authorities that the name similis Linnaeus applied l>\ I liibner to this taxon was 

 based upon a misidentification of the I.innaean species which is a Danaid, whereas the species 

 which, as the reference which he gave to Cramer's plate 9 clearly showed, I liibner intended to 

 denote was a Papilionid species having a somewhat I >a 11 aid-like pattern. It follows that the 

 genus Arisbe Hiibner is, through the type-selection made by Scudder, a genus based upon a 

 misidentified type-species. The details of this case are sei out briefly below. 



The genus Arisbe was placed by Hiibner among the Papilionids ; the entry which he made 

 for the species selected as the type-species by Scudder was as follows : " <.))$. Arisbe similis 

 Linn. Syst. Pap. 193. Cram. 9. B.C." The full reference for " similis Linn." is : Papilio 

 similis Linnaeus, 1758 (Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1 : 479, no. 128 (the no. " 193 " cited by Hiibner 

 being the species no. allotted to tins species by Linnaeus in 1767 in the 12th edition of the 

 Syst. Nat.)). This species is a I >anaid and is the type-species (by original designation) of the 

 genus Radena Moore, [1880]. The full reference to the Cramer plate cited by Hiibner is : 

 Papilio similis [attributed to Linnaeus] Cramer, [1775] (Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1) : 14, pi. 9, figs 

 H, C). The African Papilionid so figured by Cramer was at that time without a name of its 

 own, and it remained without a name until it was given the name Papilio leonidas by Fabricius 

 in 1793 {Ent. syst. 3 (1) : 35). The figure given by Cramer represents one of the syntypes. 

 1 liibner's misidentification of Papilio leonidas as Papilio similis Linnaeus was noted by Kirby 

 in 1871 (Syn. Cat. diurn. Lep. : 520) and the same view was taken by Aurivillius (1898, K. 

 svenska VetenskAkad. Handl., Stockholm 31 (No. 5) : 487) and later authors. 



From the foregoing particulars it will be seen (a) that the genus Arisbe Hiibner is based on a 

 misidentified type-species, (b) that the species {Papilio similis Linnaeus) actually cited by 

 Hiibner is a Danaid, (c) that the species which Hiibner misidentified with this Linnaean 

 species is the Papilionid later named Papilio leonidas Fabricius, (d) that the acceptance of the 

 true Papilio similis Linnaeus as the type-species of Arisbe Hiibner would involve two con- 

 fusing consequences : first, the generic name Arisbe would have to be transferred from the 

 family Papilionidae (the position intended by Hiibner and accepted by all subsequent 

 workers) to the family Danaidae to which this genus has never been assigned ; second, the 

 name Arisbe Hiibner, having the same type-species as that of the Danaid genus Radena 

 Moore, would actually replace that well-established generic name. 



In these circumstances the present appeared to me to be clearly a case where the Commis- 

 sion should be asked to use its Plenary Powers to designate Papilio leonidas Fabricius to be 

 the type-species of the present genus, and an application in this sense has been submitted to 

 the Commission under Article 70 (a)). In accordance with the provisions of Article 80, 

 Papilio leonidas Fabricius, as the species customarily treated as the type-species of the genus 



