GENKKIC NAMES OF BUTTERFLIES 8g 



Hemming (1964, Annot. lep. (3) : 95) to represent the lectotype both of the present nominal 

 species and of Papilio ephestion Stoll, [1790]. 



Hiibner based the name Callianira ephestaena on two bibliographical references; the first of 

 these was to Papilio ephestion Stoll (referred to above), the second to Najas ephestion Hiibner, 

 [1813] (Samml. exot. Schmett 1 : pi. [67]). It is not known whether, when Hiibner published the 

 name Najas ephestion, he looked upon himself as establishing a new nominal species or 

 whether the specific name ephestion which he then used was no more than a subsequent u 

 by him of the name ephestion Stoll. The status of the name Callianira ephestiaena Hiibner 

 differs according to which of these hypotheses is adopted If the name ephestion as used by 

 Hiibner in the Verzeichniss was not looked upon by him as a new name, the name Callianira 

 ephestiaena is seen to be a straightforward — though unnecessary — replacement of the name 

 Papilio ephestion Stoll. On this basis the lectotype of Stoll's ephestion is automatically the 

 lectotype also of Callianira ephestiaena. If on the other hand, Hiibner looked upon his A 

 ephestion as a new name introduced by himself, the nominal species Callianira ephestiaena 

 is seen to have been a new nominal species established on the basis jointly of Papilio ephestion 

 Stoll and Najas ephestion Hiibner. In that case Callianira ephestiaena would be without a 

 type-specimen until some author selected 1 Lectotype for it from among syntypes. The 

 situation discussed above was met when in 1964 (in the paper cited at the head of the present 

 note) I selected the specimen shown in figure 1 on plate 25 of Stoll's I ;el to represent the 



lectotype (a) of Papilio ephestion Stoll (thus providing Callianira ephestiaena with a lectotype 

 on the first of the alternatives outlined above) and (b) of Callianira ephestiaena (thus meeting 

 the situation arising on the second of those alternatives). 



The taxon represented by the nominal species Callianira ephestiaena Hiibner (i.e. the 

 objectively identical Papilio ephestion Stoll) is currently treated subjectively on taxonomic 

 grounds as being the same as that represented by the older established nominal species Papilio 

 astyanax Fabricius, 1775 (Syst. Ent. : 447). This latter is similarly treated subjectively as a 

 subspecies of the taxon represented by the nominal species Papilio arthemis Drury, '1773] 

 (///. nat. Hist. 2 : index et 17, pi. 10, figs 3, 4). 



The generic name Callianira Hiibner is invalid under the Law of Homonymv, as it is 

 junior homonym of Callianira l'eron & Lesueur, 1810 [Ann. Miis_ Hist nat., Paris 15 (85) : 

 65), the name of a genus of Mollusc 1 



CALLIANIRA Doubleday, [1847], Gen. (Hum. hep. (1) : pi. 28, fig. 1. Type-species by 

 monotypy : Callianira alcmena Doubleday, [1847], ibid. : pi. 28, fig. 1; Westwood, [1850], in 

 Doubleday, ibid. : 251. 



Doubleday, who attributed this name to Boisduval in MS , first published this name in 1844 

 (List Spec. lep. Ins. But. Mus. 1 : 91), but he then gave no generic diagnosis and no included 

 nominal species, save one cited with a note of interrogation. So published, this name was 

 without an " indication " and was accordingly invalid. As shown above, it was however 

 validly published by Doubleday in his Gen. diurn. Lep. in 1847. 



The genus Callianira Doubleday is totally distinct from Callianira I liibner, being a Eunicine 

 Nymphalid and not a Limenitid 



The name Callianira Doubleday is invalid under the Law of Homonymv, being a junior 

 homonym of Callianira Hiibner, [1819], discussed above, and, like that name a junior homo- 

 nym of Callianira Peron & Lesueur, 1810. 



CALLICISTA Grote, 1873, Bull. Buffalo Soc. nat. Sci. 1 : 178. Type-species by monotypy : 

 Callicista ocellifera Grote, 1873, ibid. 1 : 178. 



The taxon represented by the nominal species Callicista ocellifera Grote is currently treated 

 subjectively on taxonomic grounds as being the same as that represented by the older-estab- 

 lished nominal species Hesperia columella Fabricius, 1793 (Ent. syst. 3 (1) : 282). 



CALLICORE Hiibner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (3) : 41. Type-species by selection by 

 Scudder (1895, Proc. amer. Acad. ArtsSci., Boston 10 : 130) : Papilio astarte Cramer, [1779], 

 Uitl. Kapellen 3 (22) : no, pi. 256, figs C, D. 



