GENERIC NAMES OF BUTTERFLIES 97 



Fabricius being looked upon as the West European subspecies of the taxon named Papilio 

 palaemon by Pallas. 



CARYSTINA Evans, 1955, Cat. amer. Hesp. Brit. Mus. 4 : 207, 243. Type-species by original 

 designation : Carystus lysiteles Mabille, 1891, Bull. C.R. ent. Soc. Belg. 35 : cxvi. 



CARYSTOIDES Godman, [1901], iwGodman & Salvin, Biol, centr .-amer . , Lep. Rhop. 2 : 611. 



Type-species by monotypy : Hesperia basoches Latreille, [1824], Ency. mith. 9 (Ins.) 



(2) : 747- 

 CARYSTUS Hubner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (8) : 114. Type-species by selection by 



Butler (1870, Ent. mon. Mag. 7 : 92) : Papilio jolus Stoll, [1782], in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 



4 (33) : 213, pi. 392, figs I, K. 

 CASSIONYMPHA van Son, 1955, Butts S. Africa {Mem. Transvaal Mus. No. 8) 2 : 96. 



Type-species by original designation : Satyrus cassius Godart, [1824], Ency. mith. 9 (Ins.) 



(2) : 526. 



CASS US van Son, 1955, Butts S. Africa (Mem. Transvaal Mus. No. 8) 2 : 79. Type-species by 

 original designation : Papilio cassus Linnaeus, 1764, Mus. Lud. Ulr. 269. 



CASTALIA Westwood, [1850], in Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. (2) : 303. Type-species by 

 monotypy : Limenitis dichroa Kollar, [1844], in Kashmir 4 (2) : 429, pi. 8, figs 1, 2. 



Westwood placed in this genus two nominal species, namely Limenitis dichroa and another 

 species at that time undescribed. The former is alone available for consideration and is 

 accordingly (as stated above) type-species by monotypy. 



The name Castalia is often incorrectly attributed to Moore (1857 in Horsfield & Moore, 

 Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (1) : 199) but as shown above Moore was anticipated by 

 Westwood by seven years. The fact that this name was published independently by two 

 authors (Westwood ; Moore) may be explained by the fact that Castalia was one of the names 

 put into an irregular currency through the action (as noted by Westwood) of Boisduval in 

 distributing it as a manuscript name, thereby confusing his contemporaries and making it 

 difficult for them to know where it had first been validly published, if at all. Luckily, the fact 

 that the name Castalia must now be attributed to Westwood (1850) instead of to Moore 

 (1857) makes no practical difference, for, even if it had first been published by Moore in 1857, 

 its type-species would still have been Limenitis dichroa, that species having been one of 

 Moore's included species and having been selected as the type-species in 1875 (Proc. amer 

 Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 135) by Scudder who overlooked the fact that Moore had been 

 anticipated by Westwood in publishing this generic name. 



The name Castalia Westwood is however invalid under the Law of Homonymy, having been 

 anticipated no less than three times : the names of which Castalia Westwood is a junior 

 homonym are the following : — (a) Castalia Lamarck, 1810 (Anim. sans Vertebr. 6 (1) : 67); 

 (b) Castalia Savigny, 1822 (Egypte 1 (3) (Ann.) : 46); (c) Castalia Laporte & Gory, 1837 

 (Hist. nat. CoUopt., 1 Buprest. : 3). 



Moore in 1882 (Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 : 240) replaced the name Castalia Westwood by 

 the substitute name Sephisa. 



CASTALIUS Hubner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (5) : 70. Type-species by selection by 

 Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 135) : Papilio rosimon Fabricius, 

 1775, Syst. Ent. : 523. 



Scudder, who was an adherent of the so-called principle of elimination, erroneously supposed 

 that Butler in 1869 (Cat. diurn. Lep. Fabricius Brit. Mus. : 162) had made the above species 

 the type-species by citing it as the sole species of this genus. 



CASTNIA [Illiger], Allgem. Lit. Ztg, Halle [Jena] 1807, No. 2 : 1180. Type-species by mono- 

 typy : Urbanus licus Hubner, [1887], Samml. exot. Schmett. 1 : pi. [150]. 



Hubner regarded the type-species of this genus as an Hesperiid butterfly, placing it (as 

 noted above) in his genus Urbanus, but it is in fact a moth. 



Like Apatura [Illiger], which has already been discussed, the genus Castnia was established 



