106 FRANCIS HEMMING 



its history for the Oriental species which is the type-species of the present genus. This usage 

 was however invalid because this name was invalid as a junior homonym of the name Papilio 

 cydippe Linnaeus, 1761 {Faun. svec. (ed. 2) : 281), a name bestowed upon a Swedish Fritillary 

 of the group usually placed in the genus Argynnis Fabricius, 1807. Until the early years of 

 the XXth century the specific name cydippe Linnaeus, as applied to the Fritillary, was gener- 

 ally ignored, that species being known by the name adippe Linnaeus, 1767 {Papilio adippe 

 Linnaeus, 1767, Syst. Nat. (ed. 2) 1 (2) : 786), a name introduced by Linnaeus as a replacement 

 name for his cydippe of 1761 (a name which however was not in need of replacement, not being 

 a junior homonym of any earlier name). Apart from the fact that the junior objective 

 synonym adippe Linnaeus, 1767, was used instead of its senior objective synonym cydippe 

 Linnaeus, 1761, the really serious confusion in regard to the name for the Fritillary took a 

 turn for the worse when in 1913 (/. linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 32 : 173-191) Verity published a 

 critical review of the types of certain of the Linnaean butterflies, in which he showed that the 

 name adippe Linnaeus (and its senior synonym cydippe Linnaeus) applied not to the species to 

 which those names had hitherto been thought by all to apply, but to another rather similar, 

 but very distinct, species of the same genus. The confusion created by this discovery proved 

 absolutely intractable, owing to the impossibility, as it was found, of determining which of 

 various XVIIIth century names was the oldest certainly applying to the species for so long 

 erroneously known as adippe Linnaeus. This led, after many years of fruitless controversy, 

 to the submission of an application to the Commission for the use of the Plenary Powers to 

 provide a nomenclatorially available name for the species hitherto wrongly known as adippe 

 Linnaeus. The relevance of this application to the present case lies in the fact it was part of it 

 that the specific name cydippe should be eliminated altogether as a name for a Fritillary and to 

 validate name adippe for use for the species to which it had for so long been — though incor- 

 rectly — applied. For the first of these purposes the Commission was asked to suppress, under 

 its Plenary Powers, the specific name cydippe Linnaeus, 1761, as published in the combination 

 Papilio cydippe, and at the same time to invalidate all uses of the foregoing specific name in the 

 above combination published prior to 1767. Under this proposal the specific name cydippe 

 Linnaeus, 1767 {Papilio) given by Linnaeus to the Cethosiid here in question would become 

 the oldest available for that species and would moreover invalidate under the Law of Ffomony- 

 my any later uses of the name Papilio cydippe for a Fritillary. 



The application, of which the above proposals form part was approved by the Commission, 

 its decision being embodied in Opinion 501 published in 1958 {Opin. int. Comm. zool. Nom. 

 18 : 1-64, 3 pis, 1 text-fig.). Under that Opinion the name Papilio cydippe Linnaeus, 

 1 761 and all usages of that binomen published prior to 1767 were suppressed under the 

 Plenary Powers for the purposes both of the Law of Priority and of the Law of Homonymy. 

 In consequence, the name Papilio cydippe Linnaeus, 1767, the name of the type-species of 

 Cethosia Fabricius was validated. This decision was completed, so far as the name Cethosia 

 was concerned, by the action of the Commission in placing the specific name cydippe Linnaeus, 

 1767, as published in the combination Papilio cydippe, on the Official List of Specific Names 

 in Zoology as Name No. 1474. 



CHAEREPHON Godman, [1900], in Godman & Salvin, Biol, centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2 : 462, 

 474. Type-species by original designation : Pamphila citrus Mabille, 1889, Le Naturaliste 

 (2) 3 : 144, fig. 1. 



This generic name is invalid, as it is a junior homonym of Chaerephon Dobson, 1878 {Cat. 

 Chiropt. Brit. Mus. : 431), an emendation of Choerephon Dobson, 1874 (/. asiat. Soc. Bengal, 

 Pt II, 43 (2) : 144). 



The name Chaerephon Godman has been replaced by the name Yvretta Hemming, 1935. 



CHAETOCNEME Felder (C), i860 S.B. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40 : 460. Type-species by 

 selection by Butler (1870, Ent. mon. Mag. 7 : 57) : Chaetocneme corvus Felder (C), 

 i860, ibid. 40 : 460. 



This is a nomenclatorially available name, for, as already explained, Scudder (1875) was in 



