108 FRANCIS HEMMING 



CHARAXES Ochsenheimer, 1816, Schmett. Europa 4 : 18. Type-species by monotypy : 

 Papilio jasius Linnaeus, 1767, Syst. Nat. (ed. 12) 1 (2) : Errata. 



The type-species of this genus was given the name Papilio jason in 1767 in the main text of 

 the 12th edition of the Syst. Nat. (1 (2) : 749). While this volume was passing through the 

 press it was realized by Linnaeus that in 1758 (Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1 : 485), he had already 

 given this name to a taxon which it has not been found possible by later workers to recognize. 

 When Linnaeus discovered that he had used the name in this way, it was too late for him to 

 substitute some other name for the name jason which he had given to the present species on 

 page 749 ; what he did therefore was to substitute the name jasius for the name jason in 

 the unnumbered " Errata " page at the end of the volume. 



In view of the fact that the correction made by Linnaeus was sometimes overlooked and the 

 name jason Linnaeus, 1767, consequently used for this species, an application was submitted 

 to the Commission by myself in 1957 (1958, Bull. zool. Norn. 13 : 327-330), asking, inter 

 alia, that the specific name jason Linnaeus, 1767, as published in the combination Papilio 

 jason should, as a junior homonym of jason Linnaeus, 1758, published in the same combination, 

 be placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Specific Names in Zoology. The pro- 

 posals so submitted were approved by the Commission, whose decision was embodied in 

 Opinion 577 (1959, Bull. zool. Nomencl. 17 : 140-142). In that Opinion the specific name 

 jason Linnaeus, 1767, as published in the combination Papilio jason, was, as requested, 

 placed on the Official Index, being given the Name No. 605 ; at the same time the name 

 jasius Linnaeus, 1767, as published in the combination Papilio jasius, was placed on the 

 Official List of Specific Names in Zoology as Name No. 1693. Finally, the generic name 

 Charaxes Ochsenheimer, 1816, was placed on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology as 

 Name No. 1386. 



CHARES Swinhoe, 1885, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1885 : 145 (an Incorrect Subsequent Spelling 

 of Charus Moore, [1881]). 



CHARIDIA Mabille, 1903, in Wytsman's Gen. Ins. 17 (A) : 45, 73. Type-species by mono- 

 typy : Leucochitonea lucaria Hewitson, 1868, Descr. One Hundred new Spec. Hesp. (2) : 

 50. 



CHARIDRYAS Scudder, 1872, $th Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. 1871 : 47. Type-species by 

 original designation : Melitaea nycteis Doubleday, [October 1847], Gen. diurn. Lep. (1) : 

 pi. 23, fig. 3. 



The text relating to the name Melitaea nycteis, which contains no description but gives the 

 type-locality for the species, was not published by Doubleday until [August 1848] (loc. cit. 

 (1) : 181). ' 



CHARIS Hiibner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (2) : 21. Type-species by selection by 

 Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 140) : Charis ania Hiibner, [1819], 

 Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (2) : 21, a nominal species, of which, by selection by Hemming (1964, 

 Annot. lep. (3) : 101), the specimen figured as fig. B on plate 92 in Part 8 (published in 1776) in 

 volume 1 of Cramer's Uitl. Kapellen and named Papilio auius on page 144 of the same volume, 

 represents the lectotype, the same specimen representing also the lectotype of Papilio auius 

 Cramer, by selection by Hemming in 1964 in the paper referred to above (: 101). 



The nominal species Charis ania was established by Hiibner on the basis of three biblio- 

 graphical references, of which one was to Papilio auius Cramer [1776] (Uitl. Kapellen 1(8) : 

 144, pi. 92, fig. B). A determinate content was given to the nominal species Charis ania by the 

 selection of the specimen figured by Cramer as fig. B on plate 92 to represent the lectotype, 

 first, of Papilio auius Cramer, and, second, of Charis ania Hiibner. In addition, by this 

 action, the specific name ania Hiibner (the specific name of the type-species of Charis Hiibner) 

 became a junior objective synonym of the specific name auius Cramer, the oldest nomencla- 

 torially available name applicable to the taxon concerned. 



It should be noted that, although (as shown above) the type-species of this genus is Charis 

 ania Hiibner (by selection by Scudder in 1875), there have been authors, e.g. Stichel (1930, in 



