i 4 o FRANCIS HEMMING 



decided to use its Plenary Powers to secure this end. In order to obviate the risk of any 

 further discussion on this matter the Commission decided to designate a neotype for the 

 nominal species Papilio plexippus and to provide a figure of that neotype in the Opinion to be 

 promulgated in this matter. As the species known as " The Monarch " possesses several 

 recognized subspecies, particular care was taken by the Commission when selecting the speci- 

 men to be designated as the neotype, to select a specimen which had not only been taken in the 

 United States but which also belonged to the subspecies normally found in that country, this 

 precaution being necessary because the species concerned is extremely migratory and 

 occasionally specimens of the subspecies occurring further south in America are taken in the 

 United States. The specimen ultimately selected as the neotype was a male taken by H. S. 

 Burnett at Kendall, New York State, which locality the Commission further decided to 

 designate as the " Restricted Locality " of this species. The decisions described above were 

 promulgated by the Commission in its Opinion 282 (1954, l° c - cr t- 6 : 225-268, 1 pi.). In 

 the same Opinion the specific name plexippus Linnaeus, 1758, as published in the combination 

 Papilio plexippus and as defined in the manner described above, was placed on the Official 

 List of Specific Names in Zoology as Name No. in. 



DANAUS Latreille, 1809, Gen. Crust. Ins. 4 : 201. Type-species by selection by Scudder 

 (1872, 4th Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. 1871 : 28 : Papilio plexippus Linnaeus, 1758). 



The name Danaus Latreille is invalid, first, as a junior homonym of Danaus Kluk, 1802, 

 and, second, as a junior objective synonym of that generic name. 



DANAUS Oken, 1815, Lehrbuch Naturgesch. 3 (Zool.) (1) : 723. Type-species by selection by 

 Crotch (1872, Cistula ent. 1 : 60) : Papilio brassicae Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1 : 

 467. 



This name is invalid, as the Lehrbuch, in which it was published, has been rejected for 

 nomenclatorial purposes by the Commission in its Opinion 417 (1956, Opin. int. Comm. 

 zool. Nom. 14 : 1-42), in which also the title of this work was placed on the Official Index 

 of Rejected and Invalid Works in Zoological Nomenclature as Title No. 33. 



Even if the name Danaus Oken were not invalid for the foregoing reason, that name would 

 have been invalid for two other reasons : (a) it is a junior homonym of Danaus Kluk, 1802 ; 

 (b) it is junior objective synonym of Pieris Schrank, 1801. 



DANIS Fabricius, 1807, Mag. f. Insektenk. (Illiger) 6 : 286. Type-species by subsequent 

 tautonymy : Papilio danis Cramer, [1775], Uitl. Kapellen 1 : in, pi. 70, figs E, F, a 

 nominal species, of which, by selection by Hemming (1964, Annot. lep. (3) : 105), the specimen 

 figured by Cramer as fig. E on the plate cited above represents the lectotype, the same figure 

 representing also the lectotype of the nominal species Damis sebae Boisduval, [1832], cited as 

 belonging to this genus by Westwood (1852) on the occasion when nominal species were first 

 placed in the present genus. 



Danis is a genus established without cited nominal species. The first author to cite such a 

 species was Westwood in 1852 {in Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. (2) : 497). He then cited three 

 such species, the first being Damis sebae Boisduval, [1832] (in d'Urville, Voy. " Astrolabe " , 

 Faun. ent. 1 (Lep.) : 67). When establishing this nominal species, Boisduval cited in 

 synonymy the nominal species Papilio danis Cramer, the type-material of which therefore 

 forms part of the syntypes of Boisduval's Damis sebae. Two lectotype-selections have been 

 made in this case. First, the specimen figured by Cramer as figure E on plate 70 in volume 1 

 of the Uitl. Kapellen and named Papilio danis on page 1 1 1 of the same volume was selected by 

 myself in 1964 to represent the lectotype of the nominal species Papilio danis Cramer. Second, 

 the same figure was selected in the same paper to represent the lectotype of Damis sebae 

 Boisduval, which thereby became objectively identical with Papilio danis Cramer, these two 

 nominal species each having the same specimen as lectotype. Through the action described 

 above the nominal species Papilio danis Cramer is the type-species of the genus Danis Fab- 

 ricius by subsequent tautonymy. 



For many years the name Danis Fabricius was not used, this being due in part, no doubt, 



