GENERIC NAMES OF BUTTERFLIES 203 



GYNAECIA Doubleday, 1844, List. Spec. lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. 1 : 88. Type-species by mono- 



typy : Papilio dirce Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1 : 477. 



The name Gynaecia Doubleday is invalid, as it is a junior objective synonym of Colobura 



Billberg, 1820. 

 GYNOECIA Erichson, 1848, in Schomburgk, Reisen Briiisch-Guiana 3 : 597 (an Incorrect 



Subsequent Spelling of Gynaecia Doubleday, 1844). 

 GYNOMORPHIA Verity, 1929, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr, 98 : 355. Type-species by original 



designation : Papilio agestis [Denis & Schirfermiiller], 1775, Anki'tndung [sic] eines syst. 



Werkes Schmett. Wien. Gegend : 184. 

 The name Gynomorphia Verity is invalid, as it is a junior objective synoynm of Aricia 



R.L., 1817. The introduction of this name is due to a misreading of the action of Tutt (1906, 



Ent. Rec. 18 : 131) when he selected the above species to be the type-species of Aricia R. L. ; 



Verity erroneously supposed that Aricia was a new name then introduced by Tutt, and he 



accordingly rejected that non-existent name on the ground that it was a junior homonym of 



Aricia R. L. It was to fill the gap which he mistakenly supposed existed that he went on to 



introduce the name Gynomorphia. 

 GYROCHEILUS Butler, 1867, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (3) 20 : 267. Type-species by original 



designation : Pronophila patrobas Hewitson, 1862, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 1 : 16, 



pi. 6, figs 40, 41. 

 GYROCHILUS Kirby, [1882], in Zool. Rec. 18 (year 1881) (Ins.) : 160 (an Incorrect Subsequent 



Spelling of Gyrocheilus Butler, 1867). 



HABRODAIS Scudder, 1876, Bull. Buffalo Soc. nat. Sci. 3 : 113. Type-species by original 

 designation : Thecla grunus Boisduval, 1852, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. (2) 10 : 289. 



HADES Westwood, [1851], in Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. (2) : 435. Type-species by mono- 

 typy : Hades noctula Westwood, [1851], in Doubleday, ibid. (2) : 435 nota, pi. 72, fig. 3. 



HADOTHERA Billberg, 1820, Enum. Ins. Mus. Billb. : 80. Type-species through Section (i) 

 of Article 67 : Papilio danis Cramer, [1775], Uitl. Kapellen 1 (6) : 111, pi. 70, figs E, F. 



The name Hadothera was introduced by Billberg as a replacement for the name Danis 

 Fabricius, 1807. This action was quite uncalled for, as Danis Fabricius is a nomenclatorially 

 available name, to which therefore Hadothera Billberg falls as a junior objective synonym. 



HAEMACTIS Mabille, 1903, in Wytsman's Gen. Ins. 17(A) : 46 (as Haemactis), 70 (as Stae- 

 mactis). Type-species by monotypy : Hesperia sanguinalis Westwood, [March 1852], in 

 Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. (2) : pi. 79, fig. 8. 



As shown above, this name appeared in two spellings, the second, Staemactis, being a mis- 

 print, which was corrected by Mabille on page 210 of the concluding section (Section D) of the 

 volume published in 1904. 



The name of the type-species appeared on the plate (as shown above) in the combination 

 Hesperia sanguinalis, but in the text (: 524) published five months later (12th August 1852), 

 Westwood placed this species in the genus Achlyodes Hiibner, [1819]. 



HAEMATERA Doubleday, [1849], Gen. diurn. Lep. (1) : 231, pi. 30, fig. 4. Type-species by 

 selection by Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 182) : Haematera thysbe 

 Doubleday, [1849], ibid. (1) : 231, pi. 30, fig. 4. 



Scudder erroneously believed that Doubleday's plate 30 was published before the relevant 

 portion of the text (: 231), and it was on this basis that he stated that Haematera thysbe was 

 the type-species of this genus. In actual fact, the plate and the text were published on the 

 same date (9th July 1849). In the text Doubleday added a second species as belonging to 

 the genus Haematera. Scudder was therefore mistaken in thinking that the above species was 

 the type-species by monotypy. Luckily, this species was one of the species included in the 

 text, and accordingly it is the type-species through Scudder's action. 



