216 FRANCIS HEMMING 



If in fact Illiger had established a subgenus named Heros, the type-species of that subgenus 

 would by monotypy have been the nominal species Papilio beltrao Illiger, 1802 (loc. cit. 1 : 199), 

 the sole species which Illiger established with the term " Heros ". If there had been such a 

 name as Heros Illiger, 1802, it would from the taxonomic point of view have been a senior 

 subjective synonym of Caligo Hiibner [1819]. 



HERPAENIA Butler, 1870, Cistula ent. 1 : 38, 52. Type-species by original designation : 

 Pontia tritogenia Klug, 1829, in Ehrenberg, Symbolae phys., Ins. 1 : signature " h ", pi. 7, 

 figs 18, 19. 



The taxon represented by the nominal species Pontia tritogenia Klug is currently treated 

 subjectively on taxonomic grounds as being the same as that represented by the older-estab- 

 lished nominal species Pieris eriphia Godart, [1819] (Ency. width. 9 (Ins.) (1) : 157). 



HERRINGIA Fox, 1940, Trans, amer. ent. Soc. 66 : 199 (an Incorrect Subsequent Spelling of 

 Heringia Ferreira d' Almeida, 1924). 



HESPERIA Fabricius, 1793, Ent. syst. 3 (1) : 258. Type-species by selection by Dalman (1816, 

 K. svenka VetenskAkad. Handl. 1816 (No. 2) : 200) : Papilio comma Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. 

 Nat (ed. 10) 1 : 484. 



In the course of the long history of the name Hesperia Fabricius there have been periods in 

 which widely separated species were regarded as being the type-species. The most confusing 

 of these misusages was that of Papilio malvae Linnaeus as the type-species of this genus, for 

 this involved also a complete misconception as to the content of the subfamily concerned. 

 Full particulars regarding the nature and causes of these misconceptions were published by 

 myself in 1934 [Gen. Names hoi. Butts 1 : 170-172); these are not repeated or summarized 

 here, as, in view of the universal acceptance now won for Dalman's selection of Papilio comma 

 Linnaeus as type-species, these earlier controversies have lost their practical significance and 

 are now of historical interest only. 



HESPERIA Hiibner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (2) : 25. Type-species by selection by 

 Hemming (1964, Annot. lep. (4) : 128) : Papilio cingulus Stoll, [1790], Aanhangs. Werk. Uitl. 

 Kapellen Pieter Cramer : 61, pi. 13, fig. 4. 



This is one of a number of curious cases in which Hiibner appropriated as his own a generic 

 name published by one of his predecessors and employed it in a totally different sense, in this 

 instance for a genus belonging to a quite different family. 



The name Hesperia Hiibner is invalid as a junior homonym of Hesperia Fabricius, 1793. 

 Its type-species, it may be noted, is the type-species also of the later genus Phaenochitonia 

 Stichel, 1910, a genus bearing a monenclatorially available name. 



HESPERILLA Hewitson, 1868, Descr. One Hundred new Spec. Hesp. (2) : 37. Type-species by 

 original designation : Hesperia ornata Leach, [18 15], Zool. Miscell. 1 : 126. 



HESPEROCHARIS Felder (C), 1862, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 12 : 493. Type-species by 

 selection by Butler (1870, Cistula ent. 1 : 42) : Pieris erota Lucas, 1852, Rev. Mag. Zool. 

 (2) 4 : 329. 



HESPEROPSIS Dyar, 1905, /. N.Y. ent. Soc. 13 : 118. Type-species by original designation : 

 Thanaos alpheus Edwards, 1876, Trans, amer. ent. Soc. 5 : 206. 



The specific name of the type-species was misspelled " alphaeus " by Dyar. 



HESTIA Hiibner, 1816, Verz. bekzannt. Schmett. (1) : 15. Type-species by selection by Scudder 

 (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 189) : Papilio lynceus Drury, [1773], III. nat. 

 Hist. 2 : index et 12, pi. 7, fig. 1. 



HESTINA Westwood, [1850], in Doubleday, Gen. diurn. Lep. (2) : 281. Type-species by 

 selection by Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 189) : Papilio assimilis 

 Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1 : 479. 



HESTINALIS Bryk, 1938, in Stichel, in Bryk's Lep. Cat. 86 : 291. Type-species by original 

 designation : Hestina mimetica Butler, 1874, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 1874 : 426. 



