2 5 o FRANCIS HEMMING 



Commission in Opinion 97 (1926, Smithson. miscell. Coll. 73 (No. 4) 19-30 ; republished in 

 1958, Opin. int. Comm. zool. Nom. 1 (B) : 355-366) the leaflet in which it was published was 

 rejected as being unavailable for the purposes of zoological nomenclature. 



This generic name has been placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic 

 Names in Zoology as Name No. 79. 



If the Tentamen had been a nomenclatorially acceptable work, the name Lemonias, as 

 published in that work, would have been a genus of the family Nymphalidae and, according 

 to current subjective taxonomic ideas a subjective senior synonym of Euphydryas Scudder, 

 1872. 



LEMONIAS [Illiger], 1807, Allgem. Lit. Ztg, Halle [Jena] 1807 (vol. 2) : 1181. Type-species by 

 monotypy : Lemonias zygia Hiibner, [1807], Samml. exot. Schmett. 1 : pi. [35]. 



Lemonias, as published in the serial cited above, is one of eleven generic names which are 

 senior homonyms of well-known names published by Fabricius in a different sense a little later 

 in the year 1807. Full particulars of the method adopted in the publication of these names 

 and of the situation created by their discovery in 1933 have been given in the note on the name 

 Apatura [Illiger], the first of these names when arranged in alphabetical order. 



The substitution of these Illiger names for those currently in use for the genera concerned 

 and the rejection of their Fabrician counterparts as junior homonyms would have led to the 

 most confusing name-changing and it was accordingly decided to submit an application to the 

 Commission under the Plenary Powers. An application in this sense was submitted to the 

 Commission by myself in 1943. Administrative and financial difficulties delayed the consider- 

 ation of this case by the Commission but in 1954 (Ops. Decls. int. Comm. zool. Nomencl. 4 : 

 249-274) it promulgated its decision in Opinion 232, in which it suppressed under the Plenary- 

 Powers all the Illigerian names so submitted to it. The name Lemonias [Illiger] was included 

 in the foregoing application at the time of its original submission, but through some inadver- 

 tence it was omitted from the list of names included in the Ruling given in the above Opinion. 

 It is not considered that this name should be treated as having been excluded from the scope 

 of Opinion 232 by reason of this omission, and it is accordingly here treated as having been 

 suppressed by the Commission at the same time as the exactly similar Illigerian names 

 enumerated in that Opinion. 



The Riodinid species which is the type-species of the present Illigerian genus happens to be 

 the type-species of the genus Lemonias as established by Hiibner later in 1807 in volume 1 of 

 the Samml. exot. Schmett. For the reasons explained above, the name Lemonias [Illiger], 1807, 

 is here treated as invalid as a rejected homonym of the name Lemonias Hiibner, [1807]. The 

 genus so named falls, as an objective synonym, in the synonymy of Lemonias Hiibner, [1807]. 



LEMONIAS Hiibner, [1807], Samml. exot. Schmett. 1 : pi. [35]. Type-species by monotypy : 

 Lemonias zygia Hiibner, [1807], ibid. 1 : pi. [35]. 



This name becomes the oldest available generic name for the above species, consequent 

 upon the rejection, as explained above, of the names Lemonias Hiibner, [1806] (of the Tenta- 

 men) and Lemonias [Illiger], 1807. 



LEMONIAS Hoffmannsegg, 1818, in Wiedemann, Zool. Magazin 1 (2) : 99. Type-species 

 by selection by Hemming (1933, Entomologist 66 : 223) : Papilio epnlus Cramer, [1775], 

 Uitl. Kapellen 1 (5) : 79, pi. 50, figs C, D. 



Ignoring all previous uses of the name Lemonias, Hoffmannsegg here introduced it as a new 

 name of his own. The name, so used, is invalid as a junior homonym of Lemonias Hiibner, 

 [1807]. 



At the time when I selected Papilio epnlus as the type-species, the dates of publication of 

 the plates in volume 1 of Hiibner's Samm. exot. Schmett. were not known with precision and it 

 was necessary therefore to treat them as having been published in the period 1806-1819, 

 these being the end years of the period in which it was known that all of these plates were 

 published. In consequence, the name Lemonias, as used in the Sammlung, could not be 

 assigned an earlier date for the purposes of the Law of Priority and accordingly ranked below 



