GENERIC NAMES OF BUTTERFLIES 325 



is Orontes Swainson (the genus here under consideration), the third (Ripheits Swainson) was 

 based upon a fictitious species (consisting of a moth with the antennae of a butterfly), the 

 fourth (Leptocircus) is a well-known genus of the Papilionidae, to which family Swainson 

 erroneously supposed the three other genera also belonged. Swainson cited no species as 

 belonging to the genus Orontes, but his diagnosis for this genus agrees with the characters 

 shown by the nominal species Papilio orontes Linnaeus, 1763, Amoen. acad. 6 : 402, which 

 represents a moth not a butterfly. This supposition is all the more probable in view of 

 Swainson's well-known liking for tautonymy between generic names and the specific name of 

 one of the species included in the genus concerned. In order finally to determine the status 

 of this nominal genus, the nominal species Papilio orontes Linnaeus, 1763, is here placed as 

 sole species in the genus Orontes Swainson, and accordingly becomes under the provisions 

 of Article 69(a) (ii) (2) the type-species of that genus by subsequent monotypy. 



OROPHILA Staudinger, [1886], in Staudinger & Schatz, Exot. Schmett. Bd 1 (Th. 1) (13) : 

 112. Type-species by selection by Hemming (1964, Annot. lep. (4) : 126) : Cybdelis 

 campaspe Hewitson, [1869], 111. exot. Butts 4 : [40], pi. [22], figs 28, 29. 



When establishing this genus, Staudinger attributed the name to Schatz, (by whom no 

 doubt it had been proposed in manuscript) ; he placed six species in this genus but did not 

 designate a type-species. Schatz himself later dealt with this genus on two occasions in the 

 same work : first in [1887] he gave a plate (pi. 21) on which he figured one species as belong- 

 ing to this genus, that species being Cybdelis camaspe Hewitson (the third of the six species 

 placed in the genus by Staudinger in 1887) ; second, in [1888] (Bd 1 (Th. 2) (4) : 144) Schatz 

 discussed this genus in his text, where he clearly regarded the above species as typical of this 

 genus but did not select to be the type-species. The genus remained without a type-species 

 until in 1964 I selected Cybdelis campaspe to be the type-species, thus giving formal effect to 

 what had been Schatz's evident intention. 



ORPHE Godman, [1901], in Godman & Salvin, Biol, centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2 : 619. Type- 

 species by original designation : Hesperia gerasa Hewitson, [1867], ///. exot. Butts 4 : 

 [106], pi. [56], figs 6, 7. 



ORPHEIDES Iliibner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (6) : 86. Type-species by designation by 

 the Commission under its Plenary Powers by the Ruling given in Opinion 179 : Papilio 

 demodocus Esper, [1798], Aitsl. Schmett. (14) : 205, pi. 51, fig. 1. 



The genus Orpheides Hiibner, as the result of a type-selection made by Scudder in 1875 

 (Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10 : 234), was based upon a misidentified type-species. 

 This was the species figured by Hiibner in {Samml. exot. Schmett. 1 : pi. [116]) as Princeps 

 demoleas. The specimen figured on that plate was the foundation also of the older-established 

 genus Princeps Hiibner, [1807]. The name Orpheides Hiibner was therefore invalid as a 

 junior objective synonym of Princeps Hiibner. The difficulty in the case of these two generic 

 names arose from the fact that the specific name demolens (of which Hiibner's demoleas was 

 an Incorrect Subsequent Spelling) was given by Linnaeus in 1758 (Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1 : 464) 

 to a well-known Swallowtail Butterfly occurring in the Indo-Oriental Region, but through a 

 mistake in identification was later applied (1764, Mus. Lud. Ulr. : 214) to a somewhat 

 similar and equally well-known species confined to the Ethiopian Region. Unluckily, it was 

 this Ethiopian species which Hiibner figured under this name in the Sammlung. Thus, if the 

 ordinary provisions of the Code had been applied in this case it would have been the Indo- 

 Oriental species (which was not intended by Hiibner) and not the Ethiopian species (which 

 was intended by that author) which would have been the type-species both of Orpheides 

 Hiibner and of Princeps Hiibner. 



In these circumstances it was decided to ask the Commission to use its Plenary Powers to 

 designate as the type-species of these two genera the Ethiopian species intended by Hiibner. 

 Owing to the mistake in identification made by Linnaeus in 1764 that species was long 

 erroneously called by the name Papilio demoleas Linnaeus and actually remained without a 

 name of its own until in 1798 Esper gave it the name Papilio demodocus. Full particulars 



