340 FRANCIS HEMMING 



PARALETHE van Son, 1955, Butts S. Africa (Mem. Transvaal Mus. No. 8) 2 : 51. Type- 

 species by original designation : Satyrus dendrophilus Trimen, 1862, Trans, ent. Soc. 

 Lond. (3) 1 : 399. 



PARALUCIA Waterhouse & Turner, 1905, Proc. linn. Soc. N.S.W. 29 (4) : 802. Type-species 



by original designation : Lucia (?) pyrodiscus Rosenstock, 1885, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 



(5) 16 : 377- 

 PARALYCAEIDES Nabokov, 1945, Psyche 52 : 36. Type-species by original designation : 



Itylos inconspicua Draudt, [1921], in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 5 : 822, pi. 144, figs M. 



[8], M. [9]. 



PARAMAC ERA Butler, Feb. 1868, Ent. won. Mag. 4 : 194 nota. Type-species by subsequent 

 designation by Scudder (1875, Proc. amer. Acad. Arts Set., Boston 10 : 240) : Neonympha 

 xicaque Reakirt, 1866, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 1866 : 336. 



Butler gave a brief diagnosis for this genus in the footnote specified above. He did not 

 include any nominal species in the genus ; he did however rather strangely designate as the 

 type-species a nominal species (Paramacera conhiera) which was at that time a manuscript 

 name of Butler's and which was never later published by that author. This is therefore a 

 nominal genus established without included nominal species, and its type-species is therefore 

 subject to determination under the provisions of Article 69(a) (ii). The first author to place 

 a duly established nominal species in this genus was Scudder (1875) who not only placed 

 Neonympha xicaque Reakirt in this genus but in addition specified it as the type-species. 

 Under the Article cited above, that nominal species is therefore the type-species by subsequent 

 designation. 



PARAMECERA Butler, [July] 1868, Cat. diurn. Lep. Satyridae Brit. Mus. : 98. Type- 

 species by monotypy : Neonympha xicaque Reakirt, 1866, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 

 1866 : 336. 



It might reasonably have been supposed that Paramecera was no more than a subsequent 

 usage in an incorrect spelling of the name Paramacera published by Butler earlier in the same 

 year, if it had not been for the fact that in introducing Paramecera, Butler described it as 

 " gen. nov." and made no reference whatever to his own earlier name Paramacera. In the 

 circumstances it must be assumed that, when he introduced the name Paramecera, Butler 

 forgot altogether about his own earlier name Paramacera. In view of Butler's express state- 

 ment that Paramecera was the name of a new genus, it is so treated here. 



The name Paramecera Butler, [July] 1868, is invalid as being a junior objective synonym — 

 though under Article 56(a) not a junior homonym of the name Paramacera Butler, Feb. 1868. 



PARAMIDEA Kuznetsov, 1929, Faune URRS., Ins. Lepid. 1 (livr. 2) : 58, nota. Type-species 

 by original designation : Anthocharis scolymus Butler, [1866], /. linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 

 9 : 52. 



PARAMIMUS Hiibner, [1819], Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (8) : 115. Type-species by selection 

 by Butler (1870, Ent. mon. Mag. 7 : 97) : Urbanus scurra Hiibner, [1809], Samml. exot. 

 Schmett. 1 : pi. [160]. 



PARAMINUS Hiibner, [1825], Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pi. [154] (an Incorrect Subsequent 

 Spelling of Paramimus Hiibner, [18 19]). 



PARANEPTIS Moore, [1898], Lep. ind. 3 (32) : 146. Type-species by original designation : 

 Papilio lucilla [Denis & Schiffermiiller], 1775, Ankiindung [sic] eines syst. Werkes Schmett. 

 Wiener Gegend : 173. 



Moore introduced the name Paraneptis in a generic key, in which he designated a type- 

 species for this genus but did not provide a generic diagnosis. He made good this deficiency 

 however later in the same year (loc. cit. 3 (34) : 214). 



The taxon represented by the nominal species Papilio lucilla [Denis & Schiffermiiller] is 

 currently treated as being the same as that represented by the older-established nominal 

 species Papilio rivularis Scopoli, 1763, Ent. cam. : 165, fig. 443 (lectotype). The specific 



